SAC revision

Question 1

What is risk

Answer 1

Risk is the potential to lose something that you value, versus the possibility of gaining something you value. Risk involves uncertainty”.

Question 2

What is motivation

Answer 2

Motivation is often described as the driving force or
reasoning behind a person’s desire to do something; the
explanation a person may give for wanting to achieve a
particular feat, complete a task or realise a dream.”

Question 3

What is minimal impact

Answer 3

Minimal impact is techniques are used to reduce the effects that people have on the environment. for example hiking on designated paths

Question 4

What is nature

Answer 4

Nature is the ongoing capacity of earth to maintain all life

Question 5

what is Intrinsic motivation

Answer 5

Intrinsic motivation is motivation the comes from within. It is the feeing you get from doing something.

Question 6

What is extrinsic motivation

Answer 6

Extrinsic motivation is motivation that comes from external factors such as prize money.

Question 7

what is flow

Answer 7

flow is being completely involved in an activity were even action and movement comes naturally and you dont have to think about what you are doing or what comes next.

Question 8

whats absolute risk

Answer 8

uppermost limit of risk. for example An experienced climber free climbing yosemite by themselves with no safety equipment or
harness = possible death

Question 9

What is real risk.

Answer 9

The amount of risk that actually exists at a
given moment. that Can be adjusted by safety controls.
Example: A rock climber begins climbing while their
friend who is inexperienced is belaying them from
below. The harness and knots have not been checked
as the students know that indoor rock climbing is very
safe.

Question 10

What is perceived risk

Answer 10

Perceived Risk- Individuals own assessment of the real
risk present at any time.
Example: An inexperienced rock climber looks at the wall
and may perceive the risk as being high. He fears that the
rope and safety harness will fail him and he will fall to the
ground. (Even though he is actually very safe)

Similarly, you can perceive a situation to be much safer
than it really is

Question 11

what is the layering system

Answer 11

layering your clothes so you can stay warm while having maximum movement.

Question 12

why do we use the layering system

Answer 12

Layering protects you from:
Wind
Rain
Ensures maximum insulation
Wicks moisture away from your skin
Retains breathability which is essential
when you are in the outdoors where sweat
drying on your skin will soon leave you
freezing.

Question 13

What is the base layer

Answer 13

Worn next to the skin, creating a thin layer of warm air against the body. Helps to wick moisture/sweat
vapour from the skin to regulate
body temperature Ideal on its own for aerobic
activity, or warm days.

Question 14

what is the base layer make out of

Answer 14

Usually made out of merino wool

or polypropylene.

Question 15

What is the mid layer

Answer 15

The mid layer’s main purpose is insulation. Worn over the base-layer to help trap in body heat Usually not bulky and they are light in weight.

Question 16

what is the mid layer is made out of

Answer 16

Popular mid-layers include polarfleece or softshell

Question 17

what is the outer layer

Answer 17

This layer is usually a lightweight, packable and
breathable waterproof
jacket. Protects you against wind
and rain. This layer allows the sweat vapour to pass through and away from the body
completely

Question 18

why should cotton not be worn

Answer 18

Cotton absorbs sweat, dries slowly, provides no

insulation when wet and it can lead to blisters out on the trail.

Question 19

what is D.R.S.A.B.C.D stand for

Answer 19

D- danger, it’s it safe to assist the person with out putting yourself in danger

R- response, check for response to see if the causality is unconscious or conscious use C.O.W.S

S- send for help, if the casualty needs medical assistance get a bystander to call for emergency services.

A- airways- roll into recovery position, and check the airways to see if they are ‘

B- breathing, you should look, listen and feel for breathing

C- CPR, While checking for breathing, if a casualty does not breathe a minimum of two times in ten seconds you must begin CPR.

D- Defibrillation, a defibrillator should be used in conjunction with CPR If you do not have this equipment continue CPR until help arrives. Defibrillation is the process of using an AED to shock persons heart into normal rythms

Question 20

what does C.O.W.S stand for

Answer 20

can you here me?
open your eyes ?
whats your name?
squeeze my hands?

Question 21

what is hyperthermia

Answer 21

elevated body temp, when you’re too hot above 38.5

Question 22

signs and symptoms of hyperthermia

Answer 22

rapid pulse, flushed dry skin, faint dizzy vomiting nausea

Question 23

treatment for hypothermia

Answer 23

cool down give cool drink sponge with cold water

Question 24

what is hypothermia

Answer 24

body drops below 35 when you are too cold

Question 25

signs and symptoms of hypothermia

Answer 25

cold, drowsiness, dizziness, shivering, loss of concentration, slurred speech

Question 26

treatment of hypothermia

Answer 26

warm patient up give hot drink rap in blankets

Question 27

what is the burrito wrap

Answer 27

wrapping up in any items such as blankets and sleeping bags t keep heat in

Question 28

how to treat a snake bite

Answer 28

If you are bitten by a snake get away from it quickly, and try to
remember what it looks like.

Call Triple Zero (000) and ask for an ambulance

Stay calm and as still as possible

If you have a pressure bandage apply it to the wound and then
wrap it up the limb no tighter than you would do if you had
sprained your ankle. DO NOT cut off the circulation.

If the bite is not on a limb apply pressure direct to the site of the
bite.

Question 29

how to treat a blister that has not popped

Answer 29

Try not to pop or drain it.

Leave it uncovered or cover loosely with a bandage.

Try not to put pressure on the area. If the blister is in a pressure area such as the
bottom of the foot, cut out a piece of donut-shaped foam and place on it

Question 30

how do you treat a blister that has popped

Answer 30

Wash the area with warm water and gentle soap. Do not use alcohol, hydrogen
peroxide, or iodine.

Smooth down the the skin flap that remains.

Apply antibiotic ointment to the area.

Cover the area loosely with a sterile bandage or gauze.

Question 31

cpr

Answer 31

30 compressions to 2 breaths

Should be compressing to a depth
of approx. 1/3 of chest

Compressions rate is approx 100
compressions per minute