sac info Flashcards
what is a cofactor?
a cofactor is an inorganic molecule that increases the affinity of the active site and substrate.
what is a coenzyme?
a coenzyme is an organic molecule that aids in the functioning of an enzyme.
what is an example of coenzyme?
NADP is a coenzyme as it is organic and carries protons and electrons between stages of photosynthesis.
what is an example of cofactor?
metallic ions such as zinc are cofactors as they increase the affinity of the substrate to the active site.
what is the role of electron transport chain in aerobic cellular respiration?
aerobic cellular respiration is the process by which cells generate ATP via the breakdown of glucose in a series of biochemical reactions in the presence of oxygen. the electron transport chain is the third and final stage of aerobic cellular respiration which occurs in the cristae of the mitochondria. it is responsible for generating a proton gradient by energy in the form of electrons and protons, unloaded by coenzymes NADH and FADH to drive significant ATP production by ATP synthase. it produces an ample amount of ATP for the cell to harness energy. to generate this proton gradient, the required inputs are oxygen, NADH, FADH and 26 or 28 ADP+ pi. its outputs are unloaded NAD+, FAD+ and 26 or 28 ATP. after being unloaded in the electron transport chain, these coenzymes can be recycled back for continued use in glycolysis and krebs cycle. furthermore, another role of the ETC is to collect and attach the spare electrons and protons at the end of its stage to oxygen and form (h2o) to make sure the electrons and protons dont cause disruption in the cell and result in cell death.
