SAC 2 Flashcards
open skill
A motor skill that is more externally paced, has a low predictability and higher variability
closed skill
A motor skill that is more internally paced and has higher predictability and lower variability
what skills come under predictability
open and closed skills
example of open skill
taking a pack footy mark
example of closed skill
free throw in basketball
gross skill
A motor skill that requires the use of large muscles
fine skill
Skill the requires small muscles to achieve the goal of the skill
skills that come under precision
fine and gross motor skills
example of gross skill
running
example of fine skill
darts
types of movement
discrete, continuos, serial
discrete skills
A motor skill with clearly defined beginning and end points
continuous skills
A motor skill with random beginning and end points, usually involving the same movements repeated multiple times.
serial skills
Are a series or multiple discrete skills sequenced together
example of discrete skill
throwing a javelin
example of continuous skill
rowing
example of serial skill
triple jump
what should be referenced when talking about open and closed skills
inter-trial variability, pacing and predictability
fundamental movement skills
stability, manipulative, locomotor
what is the circle of participation linking to performance
FMS competence, confidence increases, participation increases, performance increases
sociocultural factors
peers, community, cultural beliefs, family
stages of development
cognitive, associative, autonomous
characteristics of cognitive learners
errors, inconsistent performance, rapid improvement
characteristics of associative learners
greater consistency, increase in ability to detect errors, longest stage of learning
characteristics of autonomous
high level of performance, automatic, well developed error correction
linear coaching
direct based, high volume of practise trials, not game specific,
non linear approaches to learning
individual plays role in the learning, simulate game specifics, constraints based
types of constraints
individual, task and environmental
individual constraints
physical aspects of the learner
task constraints
modifying rules, equipment, playing areas
environmental constraints
weather, gravity
part practise
practice of the individual parts of a skill
whole practise
practice of the whole skill
benefit of part practise
Helps develop fundamental skills of the activity
benefit of whole practise
More skilled learners can cope with whole practise
practise distribution
massed, distributed
practise variability
blocked, random
massed practise
Practice that has less, but longer sessions, or shorter rest periods between trials within a session
distributed practise
spreading practise across more sessions, for lest period of time
example of massed practise
2 x 90 minute sessions per week
example of distributed practise
5 x 45 minute sessions per week
blocked practise
the learner practices the same skill over and over again
random practise
varying the type of skill performed during a session
advantages of blocked practise
cognitive learners aren’t overloaded
advantages of random practise
Is beneficial to build skills in a game like sense
types of feedback
intrinsic, external (augmented)
intrinsic feedback
information the learner gets through the sensory system
augmented feedback
information about performance through an external source
2 types of augmented feedback
concurrent, terminal
concurrent feedback
is provided during the skill
terminal feedback
provided after the skill
knowledge of results
Augmented feedback about the outcome or the results of the performance (quantitive)
knowledge of performance
Augmented feedback that is provided by the coach, about the technique or skill of performance (qualititive)
frequency of feedback
cognitive=more
autonomous=lowest level of augmented
confidence
belief or degree of certainty that an individual possesses about their ability
self efficacy
confidence in ones own ability
types of motivation
intrinsic, extrinsic
optimal arousal
higher for gross skills, lower for fine fine skills
concentration
the action of focusing all of ones attention
phycological strategies
mental imagery, goal setting, breath control, music, self talk
mental imagery
helps with neural pathways
Newtons first law
An object will remain at rest or in motion unless acted upon by an external force
Newtons second law
A force applied to an object will accelerate in the direction of the applied force. Acceleration is directly proportionate to the amount of force applied
Newtons third law
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Force Formula
Mass X Acceleration
Force defintion
push or pull
What can force do
cause objects to change shape and accelerate
types of forces
applied, gravitational, frictional
Weight formula
Mass X gravity
momentum formula
Mass X Velocity
collisions
When two objects collide, the player or object with the greater momentum will dominate the collision
conservation of momentum
total momentum of the system before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision
moment of inertia
the product of the distribution of the mass and the axis which it rotates
How to increase and decrease moment of inertia
An increase in moment of inertia results in a decrease in angular velocity
A decrease in moment of inertia results in an increase of angular velocity
When want higher angular velocity, bring parts closer to the axis of rotation
impulse defintion
equal to the change in momentum of an object
how to aid impulse
a large force being applied over a very short period of time and vice versa
-Manipulating impulse can reduce the risk of injury
angular velocity defintion
is the rate of change of the angular displacement
.
.
linear velocity formula
length of lever arm X Angular velocity
-non angular
speed formula
distance divided by time
velocity formula
displacement/time
acceleration formula
change in velocity/time
torque formula
force x radius
angular momentum defintion
is the amount of angular motion that a body possesses
-it remains constant
Mass defintion
The amount of matter
that makes up an object,
eccentric force
a force that does not act through an objects centre of gravity
inertia definition
the tendency for a body to resist change in its state of motion
torque
causes changes in angular motion
angular motion
movement of a body part around an axis of rotation
summation of momentum
the sequential and coordinated movement of each body segment to produce maximal velocity.
5 factors of summation of momentum
use as many body parts as possible
start with heavier (slower) body parts first and move through to lighter body parts
stable base, each body part should stabilise so that momentum is conserved into the next part
each body part should commence its action when the previous part has reached optimal acceleration
follow through, allowing momentum to continue to the target
projectile motion components
vertical, horizontal
factors of vertical component
gravity, initial projection velocity
factors of horizontal component
air resistance, initial projection velocity
factors affecting the path of projectile
ASH
Angle of release, speed of release, height of release
