SAC 2 Flashcards
What are the 6 product development process steps?
- identifying a need and defining the product concept (new or improved version)
- product design, planning and prototype
- production and distribution
- retail and consumer use
- product evaluation and modification
- research, analysis, review
why is research, analysis, review down the side?
as it supports all stages
what happens at stage 1 of the product development process?
identifying a need
it includes technological innovation that allows new products to be developed or existing products to be improved
what happens at stage 2 of the product development process? (product design)
the design is prototyped, tested and developed
what happens at stage 3 of the product development process? ( production and distribution)
the product is made and the production process is carefully monitored, quality is checked at all stages and modifications are made. then product is moved from factories to retailers for sale.
what happens at stage 4 of the product development process? (retail and consumer use)
product is sold through appropriate outlets or directly to the consumer where it is used until it breaks down or becomes out of fashion
what happens at stage 5 of the product development process? ( evaluation)
market research is used to refine or modify product.
what happens at stage 6 of the product development process? (research)
market research is used as well as investigating new technologies, materials and processes
what are the three types of planned obsolescence?
- functional
- technical
- style
what is functional obsolescence?
is when manufacturers choose lower- quality materials and processes even though the product will be less durable due to the cost
what is technical obsolescence?
is when products become obsolete when a new technology or design is developed
what is style obsolescence?
relates to the changing nature of trends and fashion
what is research and development?
research and development is a scientific and technical research usually about the product regarding what it is made of and how it can be made
what are the goals of research and development?
- to allow the company to be competitive in the market
why is design and innovation important?
allows the company to be successful and competitive edge in the market
what are 4 new and emerging technologies?
- robotics
- computer aided design (CAD)
- 3D printing
- computer aided manufacturing (CAM)
how is robotics used?
robots are a lot quicker, more accurate and safer. eg. lazer cutters
how is CAD used? (computer aided design)
designs can be developed from scanned sketches or drawings, or from scratch which reduces cost and development time
how is 3D printing used?
rapid prototypes can be made
how is CAM used ( computer aided manufacturing)
the use of digital information to directly drive machines and manufacturing systems
what is lean manufacturing?
a system based on total quality management
what are lean manufacturing strategies?
to reduce waste, time, labour, materials and processes.
what are the manufacturing systems?
one off manufacturing
low volume production
mass production
continuous production
what are the 4 sustainability frameworks/strategies?
- life cycle analysis
- cradle to cradle
- design for disassembly
- extended producer responsibility
what are the benefits and downsides of life cycle analysis?
assessment of the life cycle of the product evaluates environmental impact however it can be time consuming and costly
what is cradle to cradle?
considers ways in which products at the end of their useful life could contribute to the production of new products
what are the benefits of design for disassembly?
it aims for easy repair and separation which can lead to easier recycling, no downsides
what is extended producer responsibility?
recycling and disposal of a product falls to the manufacturer
what is market research?
finds info about who might want the product, the features wanted which occurs during the product development process.
what are the 5 market research elements?
people product price place promotion
