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Year 12 PE: Unit 3 > SAC 1 Revision > Flashcards

SAC 1 Revision Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Skill

A

The ability to do something well.

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2
Q

Fine Motor Skill

A

Recruitment of smaller muscle groups for activities that require precision.

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3
Q

Gross Motor Skills

A

Recruitment of large muscle groups for running, swimming etc.

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4
Q

Discrete Motor Skills

A

Clear beginning and end: Netball Pass.

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5
Q

Serial Motor Skills

A

Performed in a sequence, several skills in a row: Gymnastics Routine.

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6
Q

Continuous Motor Skills

A

No definite beginning or end: Running.

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7
Q

Closed Motor Skills

A

Performer has greatest control over the environment: Diving Routine.

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8
Q

Open Motor Skills

A

Performed in a less predictable environment, where conditions are frequently changing and performer has less control over the environment: Rugby.

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9
Q

Fundamental Movement Skills

A

Stability
Locomotor
Manipulative

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10
Q

Stability

A

Balance and control of body

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11
Q

Locomotor

A

Physical action that propels an individual from one place to another. Moving forward, backward, upward etc.

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12
Q

Manipulative

A

Manipulative skills involve moving or using an object with the hands or feet to achieve a goal or complete a task.

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13
Q

Three Stages of Learning

A

Cognitive
Associative
Autonomous

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14
Q

Cognitive Stage

A

Mentally trying to comprehend the movement requirements of the motor skill; what needs to be done.

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15
Q

Associative Stage

A

Beginning to refine technique/movement pattern. More consistent and making fewer errors.

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16
Q

Autonomous Stage

A

The skill is largely automatic, and the performer no longer consciously thinks about the skill. Meaning focus can be directed elsewhere.

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17
Q

Individual Constraints

A
  • Height
  • Weight
  • Fitness
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18
Q

Environmental Constraints

A
  • Weather
  • Terrain
  • Facilities
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19
Q

Task Constraints

A
  • Field Size
  • Rules
  • Equipment
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20
Q

Kinetic

A

relating to or resulting from motion

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21
Q

Biomechanics

A

science that studies living things from a mechanical perspective

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22
Q

Quantitative Analysis

A

numerical data and is based on measurement

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23
Q

Qualitative Analysis

A

Verbal description of the quality of performance

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24
Q

Force

A

A push or pull (Mass x Acceleration)

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25
Q

Friction

A

Friction occurs when two surfaces come into contact with each other

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26
Q

Air and Water Resistance (Drag Force)

A

When a body or object moves through air or water it will experience a drag force.

Refined via technique and equipment.

As speed increases drag force increases

27
Q

Inertia

A

An objects resistance to change its state of motion

28
Q

Momentum

A

A measure of the amount of motion an object has and its resistance to changing that motion

To change momentum, force must be applied over a period of time.

Momentum= mass x velocity

29
Q

Conservation of Momentum

A

Relates to the transfer of momentum during a collision

30
Q

Impulse

A

When the direction of something is changed

Impulse= force x time

31
Q

Newtons Laws of Motion

A
  1. Inertia
  2. Acceleration
  3. Action-Reaction
32
Q

Newtons First Law

A

Inertia:

  • A body will remain at rest or in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
33
Q

Newtons Second Law

A

Acceleration:

  • A force applied to an object will produce a change in motion (acceleration) in the direction of the applied force that is directly proportional to the size of the force.
34
Q

Newtons Third Law

A

Action-Reaction:

  • For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
35
Q

First Law of Angular Motion

A

Angular momentum of a body remains constant unless acted upon by an external torque.

36
Q

Second Law of Angular Motion

A

Torque applied to an object will produce a change in angular motion in the direction of the applied torque that is directly proportional to the size of the torque and inversely proportional to the moment of inertia on the object.

37
Q

Third Law of Angular Motion

A

For every torque there is an equal and opposite torque.

38
Q

Angular Momentum

A

Amount of angular motion an object or body has

=moment of inertia x angular velocity

39
Q

Moment of Inertia

A

how hard or easy it is for the rotation to occur.

How close the mass of the object is from the axis of rotation.

eg. doing a somersault in a tuck position or straight body position

40
Q

Angular Velocity

A

How fast the body or object is rotating.

As moment of inertia increases, angular velocity decreases, vice versa.

41
Q

Conservation of Angular Momentum

A

When a body is rotating, angular momentum is always constant.

42
Q

Linear Motion

A

Movement of a body along a straight line or curved path.

Rectilinear- straight line
Curvilinear- curved line

43
Q

Distance

A

measures the path travelled from start to finish regardless of direction

44
Q

Displacement

A

Measures the change in position

45
Q

Velocity

A

Refers to the amount of displacement over a particular time

Velocity= Displacement/Time

46
Q

Linear Acceleration

A

Change in velocity over a period of time

Change in Velocity/Change in Time

47
Q

Angular Motion

A

Involves rotation around a central axis or a fixed point.

Angular Motion of the limbs results in linear motion of the whole body.

48
Q

Angular Distance

A

Total distance covered during angular motion, it is measured in degrees.

Eg. A gymnast did 1 1/2 circles, their distance was 540 degrees.

49
Q

Angular Displacement

A

Difference between the starting point and the finishing point of the angular motion.

Eg. Gymnast did 1 1/2 spins, the displacement was 180 degrees.

50
Q

Angular Speed

A

Total degrees covered divided by time

51
Q

Angular Velocity

A

Change of position divided by time

52
Q

Angular Acceleration

A

How quickly a body or object changes its angular position: can be positive, negative or zero.

53
Q

Projectile Motion

A

Object or body launched into the air is considered a projectile

Looks at the things that affect the flight path of a projectile.

Vertical Component is affected by GRAVITY

Horizontal Component is affected by DRAG FORCE

54
Q

Equilibrium

A

No unbalanced forces or torques acting upon it, either motionless or moving with constant velocity.

Two types of Equilibrium:

  1. Static
  2. Dynamic
55
Q

Static Equilibrium

A

Not moving or rotating, all forces and torque are zero

56
Q

Dynamic Equilibrium

A

Moving with a constant velocity

57
Q

Stability

A

Resistance to the disruption of equilibrium

58
Q

Balance

A

Ability to control equilibrium

59
Q

Factors Affecting Stability

A
  • Base of Support
  • Centre of Gravity
  • Friction between Body/Surface
  • Body Mass
60
Q

Levers

A

The human body is a system of levers that allow movement to occur. All levers have three parts:

  • axis
  • resistance
  • force
61
Q

First-Class Levers

A

Resistance and force work on opposite sides of a joint axis.

Agonist muscle provides the applied force and the antagonist muscle provides the resistance.

62
Q

Second-Class Levers

A

Not Many found in human body

Resistance is closer to the axis than the force, so the force arm is longer than the resistance arm.

eg. standing on tiptoes

63
Q

Third-Class Levers

A

Most common type of lever in human body and sporting situations.

Resistance is generally at the end of the lever and further away from the axis than force being applied.

64
Q

Mechanical Advantage of Anatomical Levers

A

Levers are simple machines that have a mechanical advantage:

a) application of small force to move a much greater distance
b) move one point of an object a small distance, causing another point of the same object to move a large distance

Year 12 PE: Unit 3 (2 decks)

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