SAC 1 Revision

Question 1

incidence

Answer 1

the number of new cases of a disease/illness at a given time period

Question 2

prevalence

Answer 2

the total number of cases of a disease/illness at a given time

Question 3

life expectancy

Answer 3

measured at birth, it is the age a person can expect to live to if mortality rates do not change

Question 4

health adjusted life years

Answer 4

the age a person can expect to live in full health, taking into account years spent in poor health due to disease or injury

Question 5

burden of disease

Answer 5

the levels of ill health in an individual and population, measuring rates of incidence and prevalence. specifically, it measures the gap between current health status and the ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease or illness. It is measured in DALY’s.

Question 6

mortality

Answer 6

the rates of death within a population at a given time

Question 7

morbidity

Answer 7

the rates of ill health within a population or individual

Question 8

Disability Adjusted Life Years

Answer 8

measuring burden of disease in a unit called DALY’s. One DALY is equal to one year of healthy life lost due to disease or illness.

Question 9

self assessed health status

Answer 9

a measurement of health status of a population based on a persons own perception of their health. it is a subjective concept.

Question 10

infant mortality

Answer 10

the rates of death of infants before their first birthday. it is often measured per 1000 live births

Question 11

under 5 mortality

Answer 11

the rates of death of children aged under 5 years. it is often measured per 1000 live births.

Question 12

maternal mortality

Answer 12

the number of deaths during pregnancy, birth and 6 weeks after birth. it is often measured per 100,000 births.

Question 13

biological factors

Answer 13

factors relating to the body and its functioning that impact upon overall health status and health and wellbeing.

Question 14

biological factors examples

Answer 14

impaired glucose regulation
body weight
genetics
age
sex

Question 15

sociocultural factors

Answer 15

the social and cultural conditions in which people are born, grow, live and work.

Question 16

sociocultural factors examples

Answer 16

SES
culture
religion
social isolation
food security

Question 17

environmental factors

Answer 17

the environment and physical features around us that are either natural or made by people

Question 18

environmental factors examples

Answer 18

geographical location
housing
climate and climate change
work environment 
infrastructure

Question 19

WHO prerequisites for health

Answer 19

food
income
education
shelter
social justice
equity
peace
stable ecosystem 
sustainable resources

Question 20

peace

Answer 20

an absence of conflict and harm

Question 21

shelter

Answer 21

structure that provides protection from the outside environment

Question 22

income

Answer 22

allows adequate access to education, food, health care and housing for optimal H+WB

Question 23

education

Answer 23

increases ability to earn an income
increase health literacy
exhibit healthy behaviours
meaning/purpose in life

Question 24

stable ecosystem

Answer 24

where the environment and the species within are at a balance

Question 25

food

Answer 25

obtaining adequate nutritional, culturally appropriate
safe food
food security

Question 26

sustainable resources

Answer 26

meeting the needs of the present without compromising those of the future generations

Question 27

social justice

Answer 27

equal rights for all regardless of age, gender, social class/income, religion or ethnicity/religion

Question 28

equity

Answer 28

fairness for all, and providing everyone with the resources that they need for optimal health and wellbeing

Question 29

Ottawa Charter for Health

Answer 29

The World Health Organisation’s approach to give equal health opportunities to all through enabling,
mediating and advocacy