SAC 1 Revision Flashcards
incidence
the number of new cases of a disease/illness at a given time period
prevalence
the total number of cases of a disease/illness at a given time
life expectancy
measured at birth, it is the age a person can expect to live to if mortality rates do not change
health adjusted life years
the age a person can expect to live in full health, taking into account years spent in poor health due to disease or injury
burden of disease
the levels of ill health in an individual and population, measuring rates of incidence and prevalence. specifically, it measures the gap between current health status and the ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease or illness. It is measured in DALY’s.
mortality
the rates of death within a population at a given time
morbidity
the rates of ill health within a population or individual
Disability Adjusted Life Years
measuring burden of disease in a unit called DALY’s. One DALY is equal to one year of healthy life lost due to disease or illness.
self assessed health status
a measurement of health status of a population based on a persons own perception of their health. it is a subjective concept.
infant mortality
the rates of death of infants before their first birthday. it is often measured per 1000 live births
under 5 mortality
the rates of death of children aged under 5 years. it is often measured per 1000 live births.
maternal mortality
the number of deaths during pregnancy, birth and 6 weeks after birth. it is often measured per 100,000 births.
biological factors
factors relating to the body and its functioning that impact upon overall health status and health and wellbeing.
biological factors examples
impaired glucose regulation body weight genetics age sex
sociocultural factors
the social and cultural conditions in which people are born, grow, live and work.
sociocultural factors examples
SES culture religion social isolation food security
environmental factors
the environment and physical features around us that are either natural or made by people
environmental factors examples
geographical location housing climate and climate change work environment infrastructure
WHO prerequisites for health
food income education shelter social justice equity peace stable ecosystem sustainable resources
peace
an absence of conflict and harm
shelter
structure that provides protection from the outside environment
income
allows adequate access to education, food, health care and housing for optimal H+WB
education
increases ability to earn an income
increase health literacy
exhibit healthy behaviours
meaning/purpose in life
stable ecosystem
where the environment and the species within are at a balance
food
obtaining adequate nutritional, culturally appropriate
safe food
food security
sustainable resources
meeting the needs of the present without compromising those of the future generations
social justice
equal rights for all regardless of age, gender, social class/income, religion or ethnicity/religion
equity
fairness for all, and providing everyone with the resources that they need for optimal health and wellbeing
Ottawa Charter for Health
The World Health Organisation’s approach to give equal health opportunities to all through enabling,
mediating and advocacy
