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Psychology Unit 1 > Sac 1 How does the brain function? > Flashcards

Sac 1 How does the brain function? Flashcards

1
Q

The Central Nervous System

A

Also known as CNS, processes and responds to info from the PNS. Brain and spinal cord are included.

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2
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Also known as PNS, a network of nerves. Is responsible for communication. Receives, processes and co-ordinates a response

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3
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Also known as SNS, made up of sensory and motor neurons. Responsible for voluntary movements

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4
Q

Motor Neurons

A

movement, takes info AWAY from CNS

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5
Q

Sensory Neurons

A

sensations, takes info TO the CNS

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6
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

Also known as ANS, Responsible for involuntary actions. Takes place in internal organs and glands, for example your heart beat, breathing, blinking, circulation.

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7
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

Apart of your ANS, activated in times of stress, threat and danger. Triggers your tripple f response.

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8
Q

What happens in your fight, flight or freeze response?

A

Increase in heart beat and breathing your pupils also dialte.

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9
Q

Soma

A

The cell body, sends info from dendrites to axon

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10
Q

Dendrite

A

Extension of a neuron that receives information from other neurons and transmits it to the soma.

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11
Q

Axon

A

Transmits messages from the soma to the axon terminal

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12
Q

Myelin Sheath

A

White fatty covering that helps insulate the axon. The thicker the myelin the faster the message.

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13
Q

Axon Terminal

A

The end of the axon

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14
Q

Terminal bud

A

Contains neurotransmitters

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15
Q

Hind Brain

A

Lower level brain structures, controls vital autonomic responses such as breathing and heart rate, as well as sleep, dreams and arousal. Includes the cerebellum, medulla and pons.

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16
Q

Mid Brain

A

Runs through the centre of the midbrain and the hindbrain. Responsible for sleep, motor movement and arousal. Includes reticular formation.

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17
Q

Fore Brain

A

Largest and most prominent part of the brain. Located above the mid brain. Regulates complex cognitive processes, such as learning, memory and perception. Also various aspects of emotion and personality. Includes the hypothalamus, thalamus and cerebrum.

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18
Q

Cerebullum

A

To coordinate body movement

eg- balance, muscle movement

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19
Q

Medulla

A

Controls breathing, heart rate and digestion

20
Q

Pons

A

Controls eyes and body actions

eg- dreams, sleep, waking

21
Q

Reticular Formation

A

Responsible for sleep, motor movement and arousal/alertness

22
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Regulates body temperature, hunger and thirst

23
Q

Thalamus

A

Sends information to relevant areas in the brain for further information

24
Q

Cerebrum

A

Consists of the cerebral cortex, where neural information is processed and stored. Divided into left and right hemisphere.

25
Q

Name the four lobes

A

Temporal, Occipital, Frontal, Parietal

26
Q

Name the four cortex’s

A

Primary motor cortex, Primary somatosensory cortex, Primary visual cortex, Primary auditory cortex

27
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Hearing, language, visual recognition

28
Q

Occipital lobe

29
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Cognitive thinking, planning, social skills

30
Q

Parietal lobe

31
Q

Primary motor cortex

A

voluntary movement

32
Q

Primary somatosensory cortex

A

receives information from sense receptors in the skin.

33
Q

Primary visual cortex

A

receives visual information from the eyes

34
Q

Primary auditory cortex

A

sound information from ears

35
Q

Proliferation

A

When unborn babies cells become neurons

36
Q

Migration

A

Finding and forming new neureal pathways

37
Q

Proliferation

A

Cells dividing

38
Q

Migration

A

come back to this

39
Q

Circuit formation

A

Makes neural pathways

40
Q

Myelination

A

Makes neurons transmit faster, more efficient

41
Q

The role of the cerebral cortex

A

Enables us to carry out simple and complex tasks

42
Q

What is parkinsons disease?

A

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that occurs in people over the age of 65. It is when there is nerve cell damage in the brain, leading to the level of dopamine production to stop.

43
Q

What does parkinsons affect?

A

Parkisons disease affects movement in the body. Examples of this are things like stiffness, loss of balance and tremors.

44
Q

Treatment for parkinsons

A 
Stem cell treatment
Gene therapy
Medication  (L-DOPA)
increases dopamine levels
Diet 
Deep brain stimulation
45
Q

What is spatial neglect?

A

Damage to the right parietal lobe caused by a stroke or injury. Results in the patient completely ignoring the left side of their world, including the left side of their body.

46
Q

Treatment for spatial neglect

A

Try to reteach the brain.

Psychology Unit 1 (1 decks)

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