SAC 1 Flashcards
Hypothermia
A dangerous condition in which the core body temperature drops below 35 degrees.
Biodiversity
A variety of all life forms, the different plants, animals, micro-organisms, the genes they contain; and the ecosystems at which they form a part.
Community
A group of interdependent plants and animals inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other.
Factors affecting outdoor environments
- Geology
- Climate
- Position and Aspect
Geology
The scientific study of the origin, history and structure of the earth.
Climate
The prevailing weather conditions of a region. Temperature variations affect evaporation and the level of moisture in the soil. Wildest range of temperatures occur in the dry regions.
Position and Aspect
Climate and Flora and Flauna within environments can differ depending on wether the are faced northerly or southerly directions. It is important that they interact.
Recreational users understandings of outdoor environments
recreational users who take time to develop greater knowledge of outdoor environments are more likely to have a safer trip and more sustainable interactions. They achieve more, have more fun, and develop a greater appreciation for the activity and the environment.
The 4 types of heat loss
Conduction
Convection
Evaporation
Radiation
Conduction
Heat passes out of the body directly onto a collar object, such as the ground a injured person is lying on.
Convection
Heat rises away from the body into the air. Clothing helps prevent this. Example-Windchill.
Evaporation
Heat is removed from the body as water ore perspiration evaporates and the skin drys.
Radiation
Heat is given off to a cooler environment directly.
First Aid method?
A burrito wrap. All wet clothing to be removed. Place in dry area. Wrapped in 2 sleeping bags and a tarp wrapped around that. Make the injured as warm as possible. Water bottles and Heat packs.
How to reduce the risk of hypothermia
The layering system and continually eating and keeping hydrated.
Layer of the Layering System?
The Base Layer: Moisture Management
The Middle Layer: Insulation Layer
The Outer Layer: Shell Protection
The Base Layer
Moisture Management
-The first layer in direct contact with your skin.
-It does not retain moisture.
-Made of polypropylene, merino wool
-lightweight.
It is important your clothing works in a way that cn cool down quickly but not too fast.
The Middle Layer
Insulation Layer
- Retains body heat which creates still or dead air around body.
- Still air decreases heat exchange between your body and the outside world.
- Examples; Down jackets, polar fleece.
The Outer Layer
Shell Protection
- Protection from wind.
- Protection from moisture;rain and snow.
- Cutting body moisture.
- Examples; Gortex, Extent Shell.
