SAA-C03 Flashcards
A company collects data for temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure in cities across multiple continents. The average volume of data that the company collects from each site daily is 500 GB. Each site has a high-speed Internet connection.
The company wants to aggregate the data from all these global sites as quickly as possible in a single Amazon S3 bucket. The solution must minimize operational complexity.
Which solution meets these requirements?
Turn on S3 Transfer Acceleration on the destination S3 bucket. Use multipart uploads to directly upload site data to the destination S3 bucket.
A company needs the ability to analyze the log +les of its proprietary application. The logs are stored in JSON format in an Amazon S3 bucket. Queries will be simple and will run on-demand. A solutions architect needs to perform the analysis with minimal changes to the existing architecture.
What should the solutions architect do to meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?
Use Amazon Athena directly with Amazon S3 to run the queries as needed.
A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts for different departments. The management account has an Amazon S3 bucket that contains project reports. The company wants to limit access to this S3 bucket to only users of accounts within the organization in AWS Organizations.
Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?
Add the AWS PrincipalOrgID global condition key with a reference to the organization ID to the S3 bucket policy.
An application runs on an Amazon EC2 instance in a VPC. The application processes logs that are stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The EC2 instance needs to access the S3 bucket without connectivity to the internet.
Which solution will provide private network connectivity to Amazon S3?
Create a gateway VPC endpoint to the S3 bucket.
A company is hosting a web application on AWS using a single Amazon EC2 instance that stores user-uploaded documents in an Amazon EBS volume. For better scalability and availability, the company duplicated the architecture and created a second EC2 instance and EBS volume in another Availability Zone, placing both behind an Application Load Balancer. After completing this change, users reported that, each time they refreshed the website, they could see one subset of their documents or the other, but never all of the documents at the same time.
What should a solutions architect propose to ensure users see all of their documents at once?
Copy the data from both EBS volumes to Amazon EFS. Modify the application to save new documents to Amazon EFS.
A company uses NFS to store large video +les in on-premises network attached storage. Each video +le ranges in size from 1 MB to 500 GB. The total storage is 70 TB and is no longer growing. The company decides to migrate the video +les to Amazon S3. The company must migrate the video +les as soon as possible while using the least possible network bandwidth.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Create an AWS Snowball Edge job. Receive a Snowball Edge device on premises. Use the Snowball Edge client to transfer data to the device. Return the device so that AWS can import the data into Amazon S3.
A company has an application that ingests incoming messages. Dozens of other applications and microservices then quickly consume these messages. The number of messages varies drastically and sometimes increases suddenly to 100,000 each second. The company wants to decouple the solution and increase scalability.
Which solution meets these requirements?
Persist the messages to Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics. Configure the consumer applications to read and process the messages.
A company is migrating a distributed application to AWS. The application serves variable workloads. The legacy platform consists of a primary server that coordinates jobs across multiple compute nodes. The company wants to modernize the application with a solution that maximizes resiliency and scalability.
How should a solutions architect design the architecture to meet these requirements?
Con+gure an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as a destination for the jobs. Implement the compute nodes with Amazon EC2 instances that are managed in an Auto Scaling group. Con+gure EC2 Auto Scaling based on the size of the queue.
A company is running an SMB +le server in its data center. The +le server stores large +les that are accessed frequently for the +rst few days after the +les are created. After 7 days the +les are rarely accessed.
The total data size is increasing and is close to the company’s total storage capacity. A solutions architect must increase the company’s available storage space without losing low-latency access to the most recently accessed +les. The solutions architect must also provide +le lifecycle management to avoid future storage issues.
Create an Amazon S3 File Gateway to extend the company’s storage space. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the data to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 7 days.
OR
Install a utility on each user’s computer to access Amazon S3. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the data to S3 Glacier Flexible
A company is building an ecommerce web application on AWS. The application sends information about new orders to an Amazon API Gateway REST API to process. The company wants to ensure that orders are processed in the order that they are received.
Use an API Gateway integration to send a message to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon S SQS) FIFO queue when the application receives an order. Con+gure the SQS FIFO queue to invoke an AWS Lambda function for processing.
A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances and uses an Amazon Aurora database. The EC2 instances connect to the database by using user names and passwords that are stored locally in a +le. The company wants to minimize the operational overhead of credential management.
What should a solutions architect do to accomplish this goal?
Use AWS Secrets Manager. Turn on automatic rotation.
A global company hosts its web application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The web application has static data and dynamic data. The company stores its static data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company wants to improve performance and reduce latency for the static data and dynamic data. The company is using its own domain name registered with Amazon Route 53.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has the S3 bucket and the ALB as origins. Con+gure Route 53 to route traic to the CloudFront distribution.
A company performs monthly maintenance on its AWS infrastructure. During these maintenance activities, the company needs to rotate the credentials for its Amazon RDS for MySQL databases across multiple AWS Regions.
What solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Store the credentials as secrets in AWS Secrets Manager. Use multi-Region secret replication for the required Regions. Con+gure Secrets Manager to rotate the secrets on a schedule.
A company runs an ecommerce application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The Auto Scaling group scales based on CPU utilization metrics. The ecommerce application stores the transaction data in a MySQL 8.0 database that is hosted on a large EC2 instance.
The database’s performance degrades quickly as application load increases. The application handles more read requests than write transactions. The company wants a solution that will automatically scale the database to meet the demand of unpredictable read workloads while maintaining high availability.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Use Amazon Aurora with a Multi-AZ deployment. Configure Aurora Auto Scaling with Aurora Replicas.
A company recently migrated to AWS and wants to implement a solution to protect the traic that jows in and out of the production VPC. The company had an inspection server in its on-premises data center. The inspection server performed speci+c operations such as traic jow inspection and traic +ltering. The company wants to have the same functionalities in the AWS Cloud.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Use AWS Network Firewall to create the required rules for traic inspection and traic +ltering for the production VPC.
A company hosts a data lake on AWS. The data lake consists of data in Amazon S3 and Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The company needs a reporting solution that provides data visualization and includes all the data sources within the data lake. Only the company’s management team should have full access to all the visualizations. The rest of the company should have only limited access.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Create an analysis in Amazon QuickSight. Connect all the data sources and create new datasets. Publish dashboards to visualize the data. Share the dashboards with the appropriate users and groups.
A company is implementing a new business application. The application runs on two Amazon EC2 instances and uses an Amazon S3 bucket for document storage. A solutions architect needs to ensure that the EC2 instances can access the S3 bucket.
What should the solutions architect do to meet this requirement?
Create an IAM role that grants access to the S3 bucket. Attach the role to the EC2 instances.
An application development team is designing a microservice that will convert large images to smaller, compressed images. When a user uploads an image through the web interface, the microservice should store the image in an Amazon S3 bucket, process and compress the image with an AWS Lambda function, and store the image in its compressed form in a different S3 bucket.
A solutions architect needs to design a solution that uses durable, stateless components to process the images automatically.
Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Con+gure the S3 bucket to send a noti+cation to the SQS queue when an image is uploaded to the S3 bucket.
AND
B. Con+gure the Lambda function to use the Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as the invocation source. When the SQS message is successfully processed, delete the message in the queue.
A company has a three-tier web application that is deployed on AWS. The web servers are deployed in a public subnet in a VPC. The application servers and database servers are deployed in private subnets in the same VPC. The company has deployed a third-party virtual +rewall appliance from AWS Marketplace in an inspection VPC. The appliance is con+gured with an IP interface that can accept IP packets.
A solutions architect needs to integrate the web application with the appliance to inspect all traic to the application before the traic reaches the web server.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Deploy a Gateway Load Balancer in the inspection VPC. Create a Gateway Load Balancer endpoint to receive the incoming packets and forward the packets to the appliance.
A company wants to improve its ability to clone large amounts of production data into a test environment in the same AWS Region. The data is stored in Amazon EC2 instances on Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes. Modi+cations to the cloned data must not affect the production environment. The software that accesses this data requires consistently high I/O performance.
A solutions architect needs to minimize the time that is required to clone the production data into the test environment.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Take EBS snapshots of the production EBS volumes. Turn on the EBS fast snapshot restore feature on the EBS snapshots. Restore the snapshots into new EBS volumes. Attach the new EBS volumes to EC2 instances in the test environment.
An ecommerce company wants to launch a one-deal-a-day website on AWS. Each day will feature exactly one product on sale for a period of 24 hours. The company wants to be able to handle millions of requests each hour with millisecond latency during peak hours.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Use an Amazon S3 bucket to host the website’s static content. Deploy an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Set the S3 bucket as the origin. Use Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda functions for the backend APIs. Store the data in Amazon DynamoDB.
A solutions architect is using Amazon S3 to design the storage architecture of a new digital media application. The media +les must be resilient to the loss of an Availability Zone. Some +les are accessed frequently while other +les are rarely accessed in an unpredictable pattern. The solutions architect must minimize the costs of storing and retrieving the media +les.
Which storage option meets these requirements?
S3 Intelligent-Tiering
A company is storing backup +les by using Amazon S3 Standard storage. The +les are accessed frequently for 1 month. However, the +les are not accessed after 1 month. The company must keep the +les inde+nitely.
Which storage solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Create an S3 Lifecycle con+guration to transition objects from S3 Standard to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 1 month.
A company observes an increase in Amazon EC2 costs in its most recent bill. The billing team notices unwanted vertical scaling of instance types for a couple of EC2 instances. A solutions architect needs to create a graph comparing the last 2 months of EC2 costs and perform an in-depth analysis to identify the root cause of the vertical scaling.
How should the solutions architect generate the information with the LEAST operational overhead?
Use Cost Explorer’s granular +ltering feature to perform an in-depth analysis of EC2 costs based on instance types.
A company is designing an application. The application uses an AWS Lambda function to receive information through Amazon API Gateway and to store the information in an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL database.
During the proof-of-concept stage, the company has to increase the Lambda quotas signi+cantly to handle the high volumes of data that the company needs to load into the database. A solutions architect must recommend a new design to improve scalability and minimize the con+guration effort.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Set up two Lambda functions. Con+gure one function to receive the information. Con+gure the other function to load the information into the database. Integrate the Lambda functions by using an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue.
A company needs to review its AWS Cloud deployment to ensure that its Amazon S3 buckets do not have unauthorized con+guration changes. What should a solutions architect do to accomplish this goal?
Turn on AWS Config with the appropriate rules.
A company is launching a new application and will display application metrics on an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard. The company’s product manager needs to access this dashboard periodically. The product manager does not have an AWS account. A solutions architect must provide access to the product manager by following the principle of least privilege.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Share the dashboard from the CloudWatch console. Enter the product manager’s email address, and complete the sharing steps. Provide a shareable link for the dashboard to the product manager.
A company is migrating applications to AWS. The applications are deployed in different accounts. The company manages the accounts centrally by using AWS Organizations. The company’s security team needs a single sign-on (SSO) solution across all the company’s accounts. The company must continue managing the users and groups in its on-premises self-managed Microsoft Active Directory.
What solution will meet these requirements?
Enable AWS Single Sign-On (AWS SSO) from the AWS SSO console. Create a two-way forest trust to connect the company’s self-managed Microsoft Active Directory with AWS SSO by using AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory.
A company provides a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) service that uses UDP connections. The service consists of Amazon EC2 instances that run in an Auto Scaling group. The company has deployments across multiple AWS Regions.
The company needs to route users to the Region with the lowest latency. The company also needs automated failover between Regions.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) and an associated target group. Associate the target group with the Auto Scaling group. Use the NLB as an AWS Global Accelerator endpoint in each Region.
A development team runs monthly resource-intensive tests on its general purpose Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance with Performance Insights enabled. The testing lasts for 48 hours once a month and is the only process that uses the database. The team wants to reduce the cost of running the tests without reducing the compute and memory attributes of the DB instance.
Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Create a snapshot when tests are completed. Terminate the DB instance and restore the snapshot when required.
A company that hosts its web application on AWS wants to ensure all Amazon EC2 instances, Amazon RDS DB instances, and Amazon Redshift clusters are con+gured with tags. The company wants to minimize the effort of con+guring and operating this check.
What should a solutions architect do to accomplish this?
Use AWS Config rules to define and detect resources that are not properly tagged.
A development team needs to host a website that will be accessed by other teams. The website contents consist of HTML, CSS, client-side JavaScript, and images.
Which method is the MOST cost-effective for hosting the website?
Create an Amazon S3 bucket and host the website there.
A company runs an online marketplace web application on AWS. The application serves hundreds of thousands of users during peak hours. The company needs a scalable, near-real-time solution to share the details of millions of +nancial transactions with several other internal applications. Transactions also need to be processed to remove sensitive data before being stored in a document database for low-latency retrieval.
What should a solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements?
Stream the transactions data into Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. Use AWS Lambda integration to remove sensitive data from every transaction and then store the transactions data in Amazon DynamoDB. Other applications can consume the transactions data off the Kinesis data stream.
A company hosts its multi-tier applications on AWS. For compliance, governance, auditing, and security, the company must track con+guration changes on its AWS resources and record a history of API calls made to these resources.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
Use AWS Config to track configuration changes and AWS CloudTrail to record API calls.
A company is preparing to launch a public-facing web application in the AWS Cloud. The architecture consists of Amazon EC2 instances within a VPC behind an Elastic Load Balancer (ELB). A third-party service is used for the DNS. The company’s solutions architect must recommend a solution to detect and protect against large-scale DDoS attacks.
Which solution meets these requirements?
Enable AWS Shield Advanced and assign the ELB to it.
A company is building an application in the AWS Cloud. The application will store data in Amazon S3 buckets in two AWS Regions. The company must use an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key to encrypt all data that is stored in the S3 buckets. The data in both S3 buckets must be encrypted and decrypted with the same KMS key. The data and the key must be stored in each of the two Regions. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Create a customer managed multi-Region KMS key. Create an S3 bucket in each Region. Con+gure replication between the S3 buckets. Con+gure the application to use the KMS key with client-side encryption.
A company recently launched a variety of new workloads on Amazon EC2 instances in its AWS account. The company needs to create a strategy to access and administer the instances remotely and securely. The company needs to implement a repeatable process that works with native AWS services and follows the AWS Well-Architected Framework.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Attach the appropriate IAM role to each existing instance and new instance. Use AWS Systems Manager Session Manager to establish a remote SSH session.
A company is hosting a static website on Amazon S3 and is using Amazon Route 53 for DNS. The website is experiencing increased demand from around the world. The company must decrease latency for users who access the website.
Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Add an Amazon CloudFront distribution in front of the S3 bucket. Edit the Route 53 entries to point to the CloudFront distribution.
A company maintains a searchable repository of items on its website. The data is stored in an Amazon RDS for MySQL database table that contains more than 10 million rows. The database has 2 TB of General Purpose SSD storage. There are millions of updates against this data every day through the company’s website.
The company has noticed that some insert operations are taking 10 seconds or longer. The company has determined that the database storage performance is the problem.
Which solution addresses this performance issue?
Change the storage type to Provisioned IOPS SSD.(Most Favored)
OR
Change the DB instance to a memory optimized instance class.
A company has thousands of edge devices that collectively generate 1 TB of status alerts each day. Each alert is approximately 2 KB in size. A solutions architect needs to implement a solution to ingest and store the alerts for future analysis.
The company wants a highly available solution. However, the company needs to minimize costs and does not want to manage additional infrastructure. Additionally, the company wants to keep 14 days of data available for immediate analysis and archive any data older than 14 days. What is the MOST operationally eicient solution that meets these requirements?
Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to ingest the alerts. Con+gure the Kinesis Data Firehose stream to deliver the alerts to an Amazon S3 bucket. Set up an S3 Lifecycle con+guration to transition data to Amazon S3 Glacier after 14 days.
A company’s application integrates with multiple software-as-a-service (SaaS) sources for data collection. The company runs Amazon EC2 instances to receive the data and to upload the data to an Amazon S3 bucket for analysis. The same EC2 instance that receives and uploads the data also sends a noti+cation to the user when an upload is complete. The company has noticed slow application performance and wants to improve the performance as much as possible. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Create an Amazon AppFlow jow to transfer data between each SaaS source and the S3 bucket. Con+gure an S3 event noti+cation to send events to an Amazon Simple Noti+cation Service (Amazon SNS) topic when the upload to the S3 bucket is complete
A company runs a highly available image-processing application on Amazon EC2 instances in a single VPC. The EC2 instances run inside several subnets across multiple Availability Zones. The EC2 instances do not communicate with each other. However, the EC2 instances download images from Amazon S3 and upload images to Amazon S3 through a single NAT gateway. The company is concerned about data transfer charges.
What is the MOST cost-effective way for the company to avoid Regional data transfer charges?
Deploy a gateway VPC endpoint for Amazon S3.
A company has an on-premises application that generates a large amount of time-sensitive data that is backed up to Amazon S3. The application has grown and there are user complaints about internet bandwidth limitations. A solutions architect needs to design a long-term solution that allows for both timely backups to Amazon S3 and with minimal impact on internet connectivity for internal users.
Which solution meets these requirements?
Establish a new AWS Direct Connect connection and direct backup traffic through this new connection.
A company has an Amazon S3 bucket that contains critical data. The company must protect the data from accidental deletion. Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
Enable versioning on the S3 bucket.
AND
Enable MFA Delete on the S3 bucket.
A company has a data ingestion workjow that consists of the following:
• An Amazon Simple Noti+cation Service (Amazon SNS) topic for noti+cations about new data deliveries
• An AWS Lambda function to process the data and record metadata
The company observes that the ingestion workjow fails occasionally because of network connectivity issues. When such a failure occurs, the Lambda function does not ingest the corresponding data unless the company manually reruns the job.
Which combination of actions should a solutions architect take to ensure that the Lambda function ingests all data in the future? (Choose two.
Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue, and subscribe it to the SNS topic.
AND
Modify the Lambda function to read from an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue.
A company has an application that provides marketing services to stores. The services are based on previous purchases by store customers. The stores upload transaction data to the company through SFTP, and the data is processed and analyzed to generate new marketing offers. Some of the +les can exceed 200 GB in size.
Recently, the company discovered that some of the stores have uploaded +les that contain personally identi+able information (PII) that should not have been included. The company wants administrators to be alerted if PII is shared again. The company also wants to automate remediation. What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?
Use an Amazon S3 bucket as a secure transfer point. Use Amazon Macie to scan the objects in the bucket. If objects contain PII, use Amazon Simple Noti+cation Service (Amazon SNS) to trigger a noti+cation to the administrators to remove the objects that contain PII.
A company needs guaranteed Amazon EC2 capacity in three speci+c Availability Zones in a speci+c AWS Region for an upcoming event that will last 1 week.
What should the company do to guarantee the EC2 capacity?
Create an On-Demand Capacity Reservation that speci+es the Region and three Availability Zones needed.
A company’s website uses an Amazon EC2 instance store for its catalog of items. The company wants to make sure that the catalog is highly available and that the catalog is stored in a durable location.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
Move the catalog to an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) +le system.
A company stores call transcript +les on a monthly basis. Users access the +les randomly within 1 year of the call, but users access the +les infrequently after 1 year. The company wants to optimize its solution by giving users the ability to query and retrieve +les that are less than 1-year- old as quickly as possible. A delay in retrieving older +les is acceptable.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Store individual files in Amazon S3 Intelligent-Tiering. Use S3 Lifecycle policies to move the +les to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval after 1 year. Query and retrieve the +les that are in Amazon S3 by using Amazon Athena. Query and retrieve the +les that are in S3 Glacier by using S3 Glacier Select.
A company has a production workload that runs on 1,000 Amazon EC2 Linux instances. The workload is powered by third-party software. The company needs to patch the third-party software on all EC2 instances as quickly as possible to remediate a critical security vulnerability. What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
Use AWS Systems Manager Run Command to run a custom command that applies the patch to all EC2 instances.
A company is developing an application that provides order shipping statistics for retrieval by a REST API. The company wants to extract the shipping statistics, organize the data into an easy-to-read HTML format, and send the report to several email addresses at the same time every morning.
Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
Use Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES) to format the data and to send the report by email.
AND
Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) scheduled event that invokes an AWS Lambda function to query the application’s API for the data
A company wants to migrate its on-premises application to AWS. The application produces output +les that vary in size from tens of gigabytes to hundreds of terabytes. The application data must be stored in a standard +le system structure. The company wants a solution that scales automatically. is highly available, and requires minimum operational overhead.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Migrate the application to Amazon EC2 instances in a Multi-AZ Auto Scaling group. Use Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) for storage.
A company needs to store its accounting records in Amazon S3. The records must be immediately accessible for 1 year and then must be archived for an additional 9 years. No one at the company, including administrative users and root users, can be able to delete the records during the entire 10-year period. The records must be stored with maximum resiliency.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Use an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the records from S3 Standard to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 1 year. Use S3 Object Lock in compliance mode for a period of 10 years.
A company runs multiple Windows workloads on AWS. The company’s employees use Windows +le shares that are hosted on two Amazon EC2 instances. The +le shares synchronize data between themselves and maintain duplicate copies. The company wants a highly available and durable storage solution that preserves how users currently access the +les.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
Extend the file share environment to Amazon FSx for Windows File Server with a Multi-AZ con+guration. Migrate all the data to FSx for Windows File Server.
A solutions architect is developing a VPC architecture that includes multiple subnets. The architecture will host applications that use Amazon EC2 instances and Amazon RDS DB instances. The architecture consists of six subnets in two Availability Zones. Each Availability Zone includes a public subnet, a private subnet, and a dedicated subnet for databases. Only EC2 instances that run in the private subnets can have access to the RDS databases.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Create a security group that allows inbound traic from the security group that is assigned to instances in the private subnets. Attach the security group to the DB instances
A company has registered its domain name with Amazon Route 53. The company uses Amazon API Gateway in the ca-central-1 Region as a public interface for its backend microservice APIs. Third-party services consume the APIs securely. The company wants to design its API Gateway URL with the company’s domain name and corresponding certi+cate so that the third-party services can use HTTPS.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Create a Regional API Gateway endpoint. Associate the API Gateway endpoint with the company’s domain name. Import the public certi+cate associated with the company’s domain name into AWS Certi+cate Manager (ACM) in the same Region. Attach the certi+cate to the API Gateway endpoint. Con+gure Route 53 to route traic to the API Gateway endpoint.
A company is running a popular social media website. The website gives users the ability to upload images to share with other users. The company wants to make sure that the images do not contain inappropriate content. The company needs a solution that minimizes development effort.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
Use Amazon Rekognition to detect inappropriate content. Use human review for low-con+dence predictions.
A company wants to run its critical applications in containers to meet requirements for scalability and availability. The company prefers to focus on maintenance of the critical applications. The company does not want to be responsible for provisioning and managing the underlying infrastructure that runs the containerized workload.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
Use Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) on AWS Fargate.
A company hosts more than 300 global websites and applications. The company requires a platform to analyze more than 30 TB of clickstream data each day.
What should a solutions architect do to transmit and process the clickstream data?
Collect the data from Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to transmit the data to an Amazon S3 data lake. Load the data in Amazon Redshift for analysis.
A company has a website hosted on AWS. The website is behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that is con+gured to handle HTTP and HTTPS separately. The company wants to forward all requests to the website so that the requests will use HTTPS.
What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement?
Create a listener rule on the ALB to redirect HTTP traic to HTTPS.
A company is developing a two-tier web application on AWS. The company’s developers have deployed the application on an Amazon EC2 instance that connects directly to a backend Amazon RDS database. The company must not hardcode database credentials in the application. The company must also implement a solution to automatically rotate the database credentials on a regular basis.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Store the database credentials as a secret in AWS Secrets Manager. Turn on automatic rotation for the secret. Attach the required permission to the EC2 role to grant access to the secret.
A company is deploying a new public web application to AWS. The application will run behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application needs to be encrypted at the edge with an SSL/TLS certi+cate that is issued by an external certi+cate authority (CA). The certi+cate must be rotated each year before the certi+cate expires.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
Use AWS Certi+cate Manager (ACM) to import an SSL/TLS certi+cate. Apply the certi+cate to the ALB. Use Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) to send a noti+cation when the certi+cate is nearing expiration. Rotate the certi+cate manually.
A company runs its infrastructure on AWS and has a registered base of 700,000 users for its document management application. The company intends to create a product that converts large .pdf +les to .jpg image +les. The .pdf +les average 5 MB in size. The company needs to store the original +les and the converted +les. A solutions architect must design a scalable solution to accommodate demand that will grow rapidly over time.
Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Save the .pdf +les to Amazon S3. Con+gure an S3 PUT event to invoke an AWS Lambda function to convert the +les to .jpg format and store them back in Amazon S3.
A company has more than 5 TB of +le data on Windows +le servers that run on premises. Users and applications interact with the data each day. The company is moving its Windows workloads to AWS. As the company continues this process, the company requires access to AWS and on- premises +le storage with minimum latency. The company needs a solution that minimizes operational overhead and requires no signi+cant changes to the existing +le access patterns. The company uses an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection for connectivity to AWS.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
Deploy and con+gure Amazon FSx for Windows File Server on AWS. Deploy and con+gure an Amazon FSx File Gateway on premises. Move the on-premises +le data to the FSx File Gateway. Con+gure the cloud workloads to use FSx for Windows File Server on AWS. Con+gure the on- premises workloads to use the FSx File Gateway.
A hospital recently deployed a RESTful API with Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda. The hospital uses API Gateway and Lambda to upload reports that are in PDF format and JPEG format. The hospital needs to modify the Lambda code to identify protected health information (PHI) in the reports.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Use Amazon Textract to extract the text from the reports. Use Amazon Comprehend Medical to identify the PHI from the extracted text.
A company has an application that generates a large number of +les, each approximately 5 MB in size. The +les are stored in Amazon S3. Company policy requires the +les to be stored for 4 years before they can be deleted. Immediate accessibility is always required as the +les contain critical business data that is not easy to reproduce. The +les are frequently accessed in the +rst 30 days of the object creation but are rarely accessed after the +rst 30 days.
Which storage solution is MOST cost-effective?
Create an S3 bucket lifecycle policy to move +les from S3 Standard to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) 30 days from object creation. Delete the +les 4 years after object creation.
A company hosts an application on multiple Amazon EC2 instances. The application processes messages from an Amazon SQS queue, writes to an Amazon RDS table, and deletes the message from the queue. Occasional duplicate records are found in the RDS table. The SQS queue does not contain any duplicate messages.
What should a solutions architect do to ensure messages are being processed once only?
Use the ChangeMessageVisibility API call to increase the visibility timeout.
A solutions architect is designing a new hybrid architecture to extend a company’s on-premises infrastructure to AWS. The company requires a highly available connection with consistent low latency to an AWS Region. The company needs to minimize costs and is willing to accept slower traic if the primary connection fails.
What should the solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
Provision an AWS Direct Connect connection to a Region. Provision a VPN connection as a backup if the primary Direct Connect connection fails.
A company is running a business-critical web application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The EC2 instances are in an Auto Scaling group. The application uses an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL database that is deployed in a single Availability Zone. The company wants the application to be highly available with minimum downtime and minimum loss of data. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational effort?
Con+gure the Auto Scaling group to use multiple Availability Zones. Con+gure the database as Multi-AZ. Con+gure an Amazon RDS Proxy instance for the database
A company’s HTTP application is behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). The NLB’s target group is con+gured to use an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group with multiple EC2 instances that run the web service. The company notices that the NLB is not detecting HTTP errors for the application. These errors require a manual restart of the EC2 instances that run the web service. The company needs to improve the application’s availability without writing custom scripts or code.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
Replace the NLB with an Application Load Balancer. Enable HTTP health checks by supplying the URL of the company’s application. Con+gure an Auto Scaling action to replace unhealthy instances.
A company runs a shopping application that uses Amazon DynamoDB to store customer information. In case of data corruption, a solutions architect needs to design a solution that meets a recovery point objective (RPO) of 15 minutes and a recovery time objective (RTO) of 1 hour. What should the solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements?
Configure DynamoDB point-in-time recovery. For RPO recovery, restore to the desired point in time.
A company runs a photo processing application that needs to frequently upload and download pictures from Amazon S3 buckets that are located in the same AWS Region. A solutions architect has noticed an increased cost in data transfer fees and needs to implement a solution to reduce these costs.
How can the solutions architect meet this requirement?
Deploy an S3 VPC gateway endpoint into the VPC and attach an endpoint policy that allows access to the S3 buckets.
A company recently launched Linux-based application instances on Amazon EC2 in a private subnet and launched a Linux-based bastion host on an Amazon EC2 instance in a public subnet of a VPC. A solutions architect needs to connect from the on-premises network, through the company’s internet connection, to the bastion host, and to the application servers. The solutions architect must make sure that the security groups of all the EC2 instances will allow that access.
Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
Replace the current security group of the bastion host with one that only allows inbound access from the external IP range for the company.
AND
Replace the current security group of the application instances with one that allows inbound SSH access from only the private IP address of the bastion host.
A solutions architect is designing a two-tier web application. The application consists of a public-facing web tier hosted on Amazon EC2 in public subnets. The database tier consists of Microsoft SQL Server running on Amazon EC2 in a private subnet. Security is a high priority for the company.
How should security groups be con+gured in this situation? (Choose two.)
Con+gure the security group for the web tier to allow inbound traffic on port 443 from 0.0.0.0/0.
AND
Con+gure the security group for the web tier to allow outbound traffic on port 443 from 0.0.0.0/0.
A company wants to move a multi-tiered application from on premises to the AWS Cloud to improve the application’s performance. The application consists of application tiers that communicate with each other by way of RESTful services. Transactions are dropped when one tier becomes overloaded. A solutions architect must design a solution that resolves these issues and modernizes the application. Which solution meets these requirements and is the MOST operationally eicient?
Use Amazon API Gateway and direct transactions to the AWS Lambda functions as the application layer. Use Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) as the communication layer between application services.
A company receives 10 TB of instrumentation data each day from several machines located at a single factory. The data consists of JSON +les stored on a storage area network (SAN) in an on-premises data center located within the factory. The company wants to send this data to Amazon S3 where it can be accessed by several additional systems that provide critical near-real-time analytics. A secure transfer is important because the data is considered sensitive.
Which solution offers the MOST reliable data transfer?
AWS DataSync over AWS Direct Connect
A company needs to con+gure a real-time data ingestion architecture for its application. The company needs an API, a process that transforms data as the data is streamed, and a storage solution for the data.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Con+gure an Amazon API Gateway API to send data to an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream that uses the Kinesis data stream as a data source. Use AWS Lambda functions to transform the data. Use the Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to send the data to Amazon S3.
A company needs to keep user transaction data in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The company must retain the data for 7 years. What is the MOST operationally eicient solution that meets these requirements?
Use AWS Backup to create backup schedules and retention policies for the table.
A company is planning to use an Amazon DynamoDB table for data storage. The company is concerned about cost optimization. The table will not be used on most mornings. In the evenings, the read and write traic will often be unpredictable. When traic spikes occur, they will happen very quickly.
What should a solutions architect recommend?
Create a DynamoDB table in on-demand capacity mode.
A company recently signed a contract with an AWS Managed Service Provider (MSP) Partner for help with an application migration initiative. A solutions architect needs ta share an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) from an existing AWS account with the MSP Partner’s AWS account. The AMI is backed by Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) and uses an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key to encrypt EBS volume snapshots.
What is the MOST secure way for the solutions architect to share the AMI with the MSP Partner’s AWS account?
Modify the launchPermission property of the AMI. Share the AMI with the MSP Partner’s AWS account only. Modify the key policy to allow the MSP Partner’s AWS account to use the key.
A solutions architect is designing the cloud architecture for a new application being deployed on AWS. The process should run in parallel while adding and removing application nodes as needed based on the number of jobs to be processed. The processor application is stateless. The solutions architect must ensure that the application is loosely coupled and the job items are durably stored.
Which design should the solutions architect use?
Create an Amazon SQS queue to hold the jobs that need to be processed. Create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that consists of the processor application. Create a launch template that uses the AMI. Create an Auto Scaling group using the launch template. Set the scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to add and remove nodes based on the number of items in the SQS queue.
A company hosts its web applications in the AWS Cloud. The company con+gures Elastic Load Balancers to use certi+cates that are imported into AWS Certi+cate Manager (ACM). The company’s security team must be noti+ed 30 days before the expiration of each certi+cate.
What should a solutions architect recommend to meet this requirement?
Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule to detect any certi+cates that will expire within 30 days. Con+gure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function. Con+gure the Lambda function to send a custom alert by way of Amazon Simple Noti+cation Service (Amazon SNS).
A company’s dynamic website is hosted using on-premises servers in the United States. The company is launching its product in Europe, and it wants to optimize site loading times for new European users. The site’s backend must remain in the United States. The product is being launched in a few days, and an immediate solution is needed.
What should the solutions architect recommend?
Use Amazon CloudFront with a custom origin pointing to the on-premises servers.
A company wants to reduce the cost of its existing three-tier web architecture. The web, application, and database servers are running on Amazon EC2 instances for the development, test, and production environments. The EC2 instances average 30% CPU utilization during peak hours and 10% CPU utilization during non-peak hours.
The production EC2 instances run 24 hours a day. The development and test EC2 instances run for at least 8 hours each day. The company plans to implement automation to stop the development and test EC2 instances when they are not in use.
Which EC2 instance purchasing solution will meet the company’s requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Use Reserved Instances for the production EC2 instances. Use On-Demand Instances for the development and test EC2 instances.
A company has a production web application in which users upload documents through a web interface or a mobile app. According to a new regulatory requirement. new documents cannot be modi+ed or deleted after they are stored.
What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement?
Store the uploaded documents in an Amazon S3 bucket with S3 Versioning and S3 Object Lock enabled.
A company has several web servers that need to frequently access a common Amazon RDS MySQL Multi-AZ DB instance. The company wants a secure method for the web servers to connect to the database while meeting a security requirement to rotate user credentials frequently.
Which solution meets these requirements?
Store the database user credentials in AWS Secrets Manager. Grant the necessary IAM permissions to allow the web servers to access AWS Secrets Manager.
A company hosts an application on AWS Lambda functions that are invoked by an Amazon API Gateway API. The Lambda functions save customer data to an Amazon Aurora MySQL database. Whenever the company upgrades the database, the Lambda functions fail to establish database connections until the upgrade is complete. The result is that customer data is not recorded for some of the event.
A solutions architect needs to design a solution that stores customer data that is created during database upgrades.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Store the customer data in an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queue. Create a new Lambda function that polls the queue and stores the customer data in the database.
A survey company has gathered data for several years from areas in the United States. The company hosts the data in an Amazon S3 bucket that is 3 TB in size and growing. The company has started to share the data with a European marketing +rm that has S3 buckets. The company wants to ensure that its data transfer costs remain as low as possible.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Con+gure the Requester Pays feature on the company’s S3 bucket. (Most Favored)
OR
Con+gure S3 Cross-Region Replication from the company’s S3 bucket to one of the marketing +rm’s S3 buckets.
A company uses Amazon S3 to store its con+dential audit documents. The S3 bucket uses bucket policies to restrict access to audit team IAM user credentials according to the principle of least privilege. Company managers are worried about accidental deletion of documents in the S3 bucket and want a more secure solution.
What should a solutions architect do to secure the audit documents?
Enable the versioning and MFA Delete features on the S3 bucket.
A company is using a SQL database to store movie data that is publicly accessible. The database runs on an Amazon RDS Single-AZ DB instance. A script runs queries at random intervals each day to record the number of new movies that have been added to the database. The script must report a +nal total during business hours.
The company’s development team notices that the database performance is inadequate for development tasks when the script is running. A solutions architect must recommend a solution to resolve this issue.
Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?
Create a read replica of the database. Con+gure the script to query only the read replica.
A company has applications that run on Amazon EC2 instances in a VPC. One of the applications needs to call the Amazon S3 API to store and read objects. According to the company’s security regulations, no traic from the applications is allowed to travel across the internet.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Con+gure an S3 gateway endpoint.
A company is storing sensitive user information in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company wants to provide secure access to this bucket from the application tier running on Amazon EC2 instances inside a VPC.
Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to accomplish this? (Choose two.)
Con+gure a VPC gateway endpoint for Amazon S3 within the VPC.
AND
Create a bucket policy that limits access to only the application tier running in the VPC.
A company runs an on-premises application that is powered by a MySQL database. The company is migrating the application to AWS to increase the application’s elasticity and availability.
The current architecture shows heavy read activity on the database during times of normal operation. Every 4 hours, the company’s development team pulls a full export of the production database to populate a database in the staging environment. During this period, users experience unacceptable application latency. The development team is unable to use the staging environment until the procedure completes.
A solutions architect must recommend replacement architecture that alleviates the application latency issue. The replacement architecture also must give the development team the ability to continue using the staging environment without delay.
Which solution meets these requirements?
Use Amazon Aurora MySQL with Multi-AZ Aurora Replicas for production. Use database cloning to create the staging database on-demand.
A company is designing an application where users upload small +les into Amazon S3. After a user uploads a +le, the +le requires one-time simple processing to transform the data and save the data in JSON format for later analysis.
Each +le must be processed as quickly as possible after it is uploaded. Demand will vary. On some days, users will upload a high number of +les. On other days, users will upload a few +les or no +les.
Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Con+gure Amazon S3 to send an event noti+cation to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Use an AWS Lambda function to read from the queue and process the data. Store the resulting JSON +le in Amazon DynamoDB.
An application allows users at a company’s headquarters to access product data. The product data is stored in an Amazon RDS MySQL DB instance. The operations team has isolated an application performance slowdown and wants to separate read traic from write traic. A solutions architect needs to optimize the application’s performance quickly.
What should the solutions architect recommend?
Create read replicas for the database. Con+gure the read replicas with the same compute and storage resources as the source database.
An Amazon EC2 administrator created the following policy associated with an IAM group containing several users:
What is the effect of this policy? (see diagram)
Users can terminate an EC2 instance in the us-east-1 Region when the user’s source IP is 10.100.100.254.
A company has a large Microsoft SharePoint deployment running on-premises that requires Microsoft Windows shared +le storage. The company wants to migrate this workload to the AWS Cloud and is considering various storage options. The storage solution must be highly available and integrated with Active Directory for access control.
Which solution will satisfy these requirements?
Create an Amazon FSx for Windows File Server +le system on AWS and set the Active Directory domain for authentication.
