SA Bloodwork Cases Flashcards
what is done with every CBC
blood smear
what tests are needed to evaluate urine
chem + UA
USG
what signals a mature neutrophilia
increased number of segs
what is associated with an elevated mature neutrophilia
inflammation
stress
fear
neoplasia
what is associated with a decreased mature neutropenia
overwhelming infection/inflammation
what is a physiologic leukocytosis
neutrophilia
lymphocytosis
what creates a physiologic leukocytosis and in what species is it commonly seen
fear - cats
what is a stress/corticosteroid leukogram
mature neutrophilia, monocytosis, and lymphopenia
in what species is a stress/ corticosteroid leukogram common in
dogs
what signals an inflammatory leukogram
> 1000 bands
decrease in WBCs
what can an extreme neutrophilic leukocytosis signal
pyometra
ehrilichia
hepatozoanosis
fungus
what would signal a leukemia on a CBC
> 50,000
Types of anemia that are regenerative
hemorrhage/ blood loss
hemolysis
what test can be used to determine true rouleaux formation
saline test - rouleaux will separate
what can you use to evaluate precursors and normal development and maturation process of all cell lines as well as any abnormal processes
bone marrow
aspirates / biopsy
what are possible causes of petechia
thrombocytopenia
thrombopathy
infection/inflammation
reasons for thrombocytopenia
increased destruction
decreased production
increased consumption
sequestratio n
what are types of thrombopathy
inherited
vWB factor
acquired with drugs, uremia, liver disease or dysproteinemias
what are basic primary coagulation issues
platelets and vasculature
what are basic secondary coagulation issues
coagulation factors
anti-thrombotic and fibrinolytic
clinical signs of primary hemostatic disorders
petechia
ecchymosis
mucosal bleeds
epistaxis
clinical signs of secondary hemostatic disorders
hemoabdomen
hemothorax
melena
hematemesis
components of virchow’s triad
stasis
endothelial injury
hypercoagulability
platelet testing
platelet count
platelet function (thrombopathies)
Buccal Mucosal Bleeding Time
Clot retraction
aggregation
what does a hypercoagulation pattern look like on a TEG
RK decreased
MA angle increased
- basically looks like a fat oval
increased BMBT
decreased platelet count
thrombocytopenia
increased BMBT
everything else normal
thrombocytopathia
increased BMBT
possible increased ACT
possible increased PTT
vWD
normal BMBT
increased ACT
increased PTT
hemophilias
possible increased BMBT
increased ACT
increased PT
increased PTT
possible decrease platelet count
possible decreased fibrinogen
possible increased FDPs
rodenticide
everything increased
decreased platelet count
possible decrease fibrinogen
DIC
possible increased BMBT
increased ACT
possible increased PT
increased PTT
possible decrease platelet count
possible decrease fibrinogen
normal FDPs
liver disease
what does APTT and PTT evaluate
intrinsic and common pathways
what does PT evaluate
extrinsic and common
which clotting factor will run out first and therefore we should test for in cases of time
7
which tests should be run to test factor 7
PT
ACT could track it in the common pathway but non-specific
