s9 embryology n obstruction quiz

Question 1

endo or ectoderm lines the allantois, cloaca, urinary bladder, hindgut, yolk sac??

Answer 1

endoderm

Question 2

metanephros. begins when

Answer 2

5th week

Question 3

when are all the branches of the ureteric bud formed by

Answer 3

32-36 week gestation

but not yet mature! continue to mature after birth

Question 4

bladder is a derivative of

Answer 4

hind gut

Question 5

intrinsic causes of ureteric obstruction

Answer 5

blood clots in ureter
renal/urinary calculi
ureter strictures

Question 6

extrinsic causes of ureteric obstruction

Answer 6

BPH
nearby enlarged lymph nodes
bladder and rectal tumours
> external pressure

Question 7

calcium stones composed of? appear how on XR

Answer 7

calcium oxalate or phosphate

radiopaque

Question 8

how do uric acid stones appear on XR

Answer 8

radiolucent

uncommon!

Question 9

presentation of renal vein entrapment syndrome

Answer 9

haematuria
proteinuria
nausaea

Question 10

how does AAA affect. kidneys?

Answer 10

ureter entrapment
> causes unilateral hydronephrosis

• referred flank pain and nausea