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4.2.2 Transport over Larger Distances - Plants and Photosynthesis > S4.2.2 Glossary > Flashcards

S4.2.2 Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

meristem tissue

A

Tips of roots and shoots where stem cells are found, these are the growing parts of plants

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2
Q

absorption

A

The process of taking something in

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3
Q

active transport

A

The movement of a substance from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, using energy

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4
Q

air movement

A

Also known as wind, one of the factors which affects transpiration

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5
Q

amino acids

A

The monomer of protein

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6
Q

carbon dioxide

A

One of the reactants for photosynthesis

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7
Q

cell sap

A

A solution of water, sugars and salts found in the vacuole of plant cells

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8
Q

cellulose

A

A structural carbohydrate which makes up cell walls

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9
Q

chlorophyll

A

A pigment which absorbs all colours of light, except green which it reflects

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10
Q

chloroplasts

A

The part of the plant cell which contains chlorophyll and carries out photosynthesis

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11
Q

chromatogram

A

The result of carrying out chromatography

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12
Q

chromatography

A

A separating technique which separates a mixture of soluble substances

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13
Q

communicable diseases

A

Diseases which can be spread between organisms

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14
Q

concentration

A

The amount of a solute dissolved in a solvent

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15
Q

control methods

A

Ways of preventing the spread of disease

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16
Q

control variables

A

Variables which are kept the same during an experiment

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17
Q

differentiate

A

When cells become specialised for a particular function

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18
Q

dissolved

A

A solute spreads out in a solvent

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19
Q

endothermic reaction

A

A reaction which absorbs energy, e.g. photosynthesis

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20
Q

fungus

A

A single or multicellular organism which grows in moist conditions

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21
Q

guard cells

A

Cells which control the opening and closing of stomata

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22
Q

leaves

A

Organ of plant where photosynthesis, gas exchange and transpiration take place

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23
Q

light intensity

A

How bright light is, measured in lux

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24
Q

lignin

A

A structural molecule which provides support to xylem vessels in a plant

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25
Q

magnesium ions

A

Magnesium atoms which have lost two electrons to become positively charged

26
Q

mineral ions

A

Any metal which has lost electrons

27
Q

mobile phase

A

This is what moves during chromatography, e.g. the solvent

28
Q

multicellular organism

A

Organism made of more than one cell

29
Q

nitrate ions

A

Nitrogen molecules used by plants to make protein

30
Q

osmosis

A

The movement of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution, across a partially permeable membrane

31
Q

oxygen

A

A by-product of photosynthesis

32
Q

phloem

A

Vessels which transport dissolved sugars up and down the plant

33
Q

photosynthesis

A

A chemical reaction which uses energy from sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen

34
Q

pigments

A

Coloured substances

35
Q

plant organ system

A

A collection of plant organs which work together to perform a function

36
Q

plant pathogen

A

A microorganism which causes disease in plants

37
Q

plant structure

A

How plants are arranged in tissues, organs and organ systems

38
Q

pondweed

A

A plant which grows underwater

39
Q

pores

A

Small holes in a surface, e.g. skin or leaves

40
Q

proteins

A

Polymers made of amino acids

41
Q

rate of photosynthesis

A

How quickly photosynthesis occurs

42
Q

respiration

A

Chemical reaction that releases energy in cells

43
Q

Rf value

A

A known value allowing for the identification of a substance by chromatography

44
Q

root

A

Plant organ which is repsonsible for absorbing water and minerals from soil

45
Q

root hair cell

A

Specialised cell which is adapted to absorb water and minerals from soil

46
Q

rose black spot

A

A plant disease caused by a fungus which causes dark purple or black spots to form on leaves

47
Q

shoot

A

The growing part at the end of the stem

48
Q

solvent

A

A liquid into which something dissolves

49
Q

spores

A

Reproductive cells of fungi

50
Q

starch

A

A polymer made of glucose

51
Q

stationary phase

A

This is what does not move in paper chromatography, e.g. the paper

52
Q

stem

A

Plant organ which provides support and transports substances

53
Q

stomata

A

Small holes in the surface of the leaf which allow gases in and out

54
Q

temperature

A

A measurement of how hot or cold something is

55
Q

tobacco mosaic virus

A

A pathogen which causes a mosaic pattern on the leaves of a plant

56
Q

translocation

A

The movement of dissolved sugars up and down the plant

57
Q

transpiration

A

The evaporation of water from the leaves

58
Q

water

A

A reactant for photosynthesis

59
Q

water uptake

A

The amount of absorption of water happening through the roots

60
Q

water vapour

A

The gaseous form of water

61
Q

xylem

A

The vessel which transports water up the plant

4.2.2 Transport over Larger Distances - Plants and Photosynthesis (2 decks)

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