s10 - Trauma (Midterm) Flashcards
What are the main categories in Ellis Classification (1970)?
Class I: Crown and root intact. Class II: Crown fracture without pulp exposure. Class III: Crown fracture with pulp exposure. Class IV: Coronal fracture extending sub-gingival. Class V: Root fracture. Class VI: Tooth displacement. Class VII: Injuries to deciduous teeth.
What does the WHO Classification (1978) include?
Soft tissue injuries, tooth fracture, tooth luxation injuries, and facial skeleton injuries.
How does Andreasen’s modified classification differ from Ellis Classification?
Andreasen’s classification is based on anatomic and therapeutic considerations, including enamel fracture, coronal fracture with/without pulp exposure, root fracture, tooth luxation, avulsion, and alveolar process fracture.
What is Mahmoud Torabinejad’s classification of traumatic dental injuries?
I- Injury to Tooth: A- Crown Fracture, B- Root Fracture. II- Injury to Periodontium: A- Luxation Injuries, B- Avulsion.
What is the significance of classifying traumatic dental injuries?
Classification helps in diagnosis, treatment planning, and predicting outcomes based on the type and severity of injury.
What is a crown infraction, and how is it diagnosed?
A crown infraction is a crack in the enamel without loss of tooth structure. Diagnosed by trans-illumination.
What is the emergency treatment for an enamel fracture?
Smoothening the rough surface. If a larger part of enamel is lost, acid-etch and restore with composite.
What is the emergency treatment for an enamel and dentin fracture without pulp exposure?
Seal dentinal tubules with calcium hydroxide, restore with dentin bonding, and reattach the fragment if available.
What are the factors to consider in a complicated crown fracture with pulp exposure?
Length of time the pulp was exposed, maturity of the tooth (open/closed apex), and amount of pulpal tissue exposed.
What are the treatment options for a crown fracture with pulp exposure?
Vital pulp therapy (direct pulp capping, pulpotomy), apexification, pulp regeneration, surgical treatment, or complete root canal treatment.
What is the prognosis for enamel and dentin fractures without pulp exposure?
Prognosis is good if treated promptly. Factors affecting prognosis include proximity to the pulp, exposed dentin area, and time elapsed.
What is the sequelae of crown infraction?
Possible sequelae include calcific metamorphosis, internal resorption, and pulpal necrosis.
What is the treatment for a crown-root fracture?
Remove the coronal segment, perform root canal treatment, and place a post and core followed by full coverage.
What are the two treatment options for achieving solid tooth structure in crown-root fractures?
Crown lengthening and root extrusion.
What is the difference between crown infraction and enamel fracture?
Crown infraction involves no loss of tooth structure, while enamel fracture involves loss of enamel.
