S1 Vocab Flashcards
Ember
타다 남은 것
growing fragment of fire
Lore
과학적 학문
myths, legend or stories
Morrow
the following day (tomorrow)
Vainly
헛되어
in a way that produces no results, unsuccessful, no results
Surcease
정지
ending, conclusion, to come to an end
Dignified
위엄 있는
noble, majestic, worthy of respect
Frality
여림
weakness, condition of being weak
Mercenary
용병, 돈을 위한
a professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign army
Exasperated
화가 나다
anger, intensely irritated
Wry
비꼬는 식의 말
dry, especially mocking, humour
ironic
Unsparing
인색하지 않은, 후한, 통이 큰
가차 없는
merciless, ruthless
Decay
부식
process of rotting or decomposition
Suppleness
유연성
the quality of being able to bend or be bent easily
flexible
Contortion
왜곡, 비틀기
twisting and bending one’s body into strange and unnatural positions
Peasant
농민
agricultural worker
Spiteful
악의에 찬, 양심을 품은
showing or caused my malice
mean, nasty, cruel
Bigoted
고집불통의
person who strongly and unfairly dislikes other people’s ideas,
prejudiced, biased, 완고한 편견자
Aloof
냉담한
not friendly or forth coming
cool and distant
distant and unresponsive
Heedless
조심성 없는, 무관심한
showing a reckless lack of care of attention
Pilfered
조금씩 슬쩍하다, 훔치다
stealing things
Absolution
면제, 면죄, 방면, 사면
formal release from guilt, obligation or punishment
forgiveness
Contempt
경멸
the feeling that a person or a thing is worthless or beneath consideration
Shrewd
영리한
having or showing sharp powers of judgement
Ingenuous
솔직 담백한, 순진한
innocent and unsuspecting
Adroit
교묘한, 손재주가 있는, 재치 있는
clever of skillful
Debutante
young woman making her debut in society
Indignant
분노의, 성난
showing or feeling anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment
Apprehensive
불안한, 우려하는
viewing the future with anxiety and alarm
Virility
정력
Restraint
제지
measure or condition that keeps someone or something under control
Sullen
기분이 언짢은, 무뚝뚝한
bad tempered or sulky
Solemnity
장엄
state of quality of being serious and dignified
Absurdity
부조리, 불합리, 모순
ridiculously unreasonable
Disconcerting
당황케하는
causing one to feel unsettled
Impasse
deadlock
막다른 골목
Venerate
존경하다
respect
Credulity
믿기 쉬움
a tendency to be too ready to believe that something is real or true
gullibility, blind faith
Subversive
파괴적인
disruptive, trouble maker
Treason
국가 정부에 대한 반역, 배신, 불신
the offense of attempting to overthrow the government of one’s country or of assisting its enemies in war
Vice
악덕
immoral or wicked behaviour
Exterminated
모조리 없애버리다
completely destroyed
Dogma
교리, 신조
established opinion
Stifling
숨막히는, 답답한
making one feel constrained or oppressed
Tenable
공격에 견딜 수 있는, 유지할수있는
maintainable
Presumptuous
주제넘은, 염치 없는
overconfident, arrogant
Disdain
contempt (remember what it means!)
Monotonous
단조로운, 변화 없는, 지루한
lacking in variety and interest
unexciting, uninteresting
Cardinal
기본적인, 아주 중요한
central or essential
Malleable
단련할 수 있는, 온순한
easily influenced, shaped
On the square
honest and straightforward
Rumination
repetitive thinking about negative thoughts and events
Decry
비난하다, 헐뜯다, 가치를 떨어뜨리다
public denounce, to strongly criticize something
Eponymy
the use of people’s name to create words
Surreptitious
은밀한, 비밀의
kept secret, especially because it would not be approved of
Haphazard
우연한, 계획성 없는, 아무렇게나
lacking any obvious principle of organisation
random, unplanned
Idleness
게으름, 나태
Laziness, indolence
Lurching
갑자기 기울어짐, 흔들거림
Germane
밀접한 관계가 있는
relevant to a subject under consideration
“that is not germane to the topic”
Disdain
open dislike and disrespect / consider something inferior
contempt, 경멸감
Incessant
끊임없는
continuing without interruption, unending, ceasless
Peculiarity
특색, 특성, 버를
a strange or unusual feature or habit
Revered
존경받는, 숭배하다
regarded with reverence
Menagerie
동물원
a strange of diverse collection of people or things
often referred to a collection of wild animals captured for exhibition
Perplex
당황스러움
puzzled, confused
“she was perplexed by her husband’s moodiness”
Zeal
열심
dedication or enthusiasm for
Espouse
신봉하다, 지지하다
support, adopt
“she espoused the causes of justice and freedom for all”
Robust
강건한,튼튼한
vigour, strengh and firmness
Magnanimous
관대한
generous or forgiving
“she should be magnanimous in victory”
Scowl
찌푸린 얼굴
bad, tempered
“she stamped into the room with a scowl on her face”
Evasive
회피적인, 파악하기 어려운, 애매한, 둘러대는
tending or seeking to evade; avoiding the issue; not straightforward
Aggrieved
불만은 품은, 고민하는, 화가 난
unhappy or angry
Fends off
방어하다
defend oneself
Trivalise
사소한 핸동
make something seem less important, significant, or complex than it really is
Impertinent
건방진, 주제넘은, 뻔뻔한, 무례한, 버릇없는
not showing proper respect, being rude
“an impertinent question”
Enraged
분노한
very angry and furious
Chasten
벌하여 바로 잡다, 단련시키다
to cause to be more humble or restrained, subdue
“He was chastened by his team’s defeat”
Pragmatic
실용적인
practical, dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical than theoretical considerations
“a pragmatic approach to business ethics”
Connivance
묵인
willingness to allow or be secretly involved in an immoral or illegal act
“this infringement of the law had taken place with the connivance of officials”
Futile
serving no useful purpose
하찮은
“a futile attempt to keep fans from mounting the stage”
Flippant
not showing a serious respectful attitude
경박한
“a flippant remark”
Unfetter
free and liberate
해방
“his imagination is unfettered by the laws of logic”
Imbecile
an extremely stupid person
바보
Mock heroic
(of a literary work or its style) imitating the style of heroic literature in order to satirize an unheroic subject
Satire
criticise them or make fun of them in a play, film or novel
풍자하다
Apt
적절한
suitable or fitting, to the point and particularly appropriate
Probity
성실, 정직
moral excellence, integrity, the quality of having strong moral principles; honesty and decency
“financial probity”
Ambivalent
서로 용납하지 않는, 상극인, 양면적인
having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone
“The whole family was ambivalent about the move to the suburbs.”
Reproach
비난하다
express to (someone) one’s disapproval of or disappointment in their actions.
“critics reproached him for his failure to tackle the deficiency”
Vacuous
텅빈, 공허한
emptied in content, lacking thought or intelligence
“a vacuous smile”
Intemperate
절제하지 않는, 과도한
having or showing lack of self control
“it was an outburst of intemperate rage”
Estranged
소원해진, 사이가 틀어진
loss of affection
“Harriet felt more estranged from her daughter than ever”
Curb
limit, control, restraint
“plans to introduce tougher curbs on insider dealing”
Stifle
숨을 막다, 숨 막히게 하다
make someone unable to breather properly, suffocate
“those in the streets were stifled by the fumes”
Sombre
어두 침침한
dark or dull in colour or tone
“the night skies were sombre and starless”
Niggle
하찮은 일로 괴로워하다, 까다롭게 흠잡다
cause slight but persistent annoyance, discomfort, or anxiety
“Doreen wanted to discuss matters that niggled at her mind”
Affable
상냥한
friendly, good natured, or easy to talk to
“an affable and agreeable companion”
Belligerent
적의가 있는, 도발적인
hostile and aggressive
“the mood at the meeting was belligerent”
Belittling
과소평가하다, 얕보다, 흠잡다
dismissive of the importance of a person or thing
“his cruel, belittling remarks”
Intractable
억지스러운, 완고한
not easily controlled or directed; not docile or manageable; stubborn; obstinate
Deplore
비탄하다, 개탄하다, 몹시 한탄하다
feel or express strong disapproval of (something)
“we deplore all violence”
Adherent
신자
adhere, a follower of a leader, party of profession
Forbearance
용서, 관용, 인내
patient self-control; restraint and tolerance
“his unfailing courtesy and forbearance under great provocation”
Sanction
a threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule
제재하다
“a range of sanctions aimed at deterring insider abuse”
Insidious
proceeding in a gradual, subtle way, but with very harmful effects
교활한
“sexual harassment is a serious and insidious problem”
Affectation
behaviour, speech, or writing that is pretentious and designed to impress
허식
“the affectation of a man who measures every word for effect”
Atrocity
an extremely wicked or cruel act, typically one involving physical violence or injury
포악, 자혹한 행위
“a textbook which detailed war atrocities”
Assiduous
배려가 섬세한
showing great care and perseverance, diligent, careful
“she was assiduous in pointing out every feature”
Stoic
금욕의
a person who can endure pain or hardship without showing their feelings or complaining
Impervious
물 공기등을 통과시키지 않는
not allowing fluid to pass through, unable to be affected by
“an impervious layer of basaltic clay”
Artifice
기교, 기술
clever or cunning devices or expedients, especially as used to trick or deceive others, trickery, deception
“an industry dominated by artifice”
Superfluous
불필요한, 과잉의
unnecessary, especially through being more than enough
“the purchaser should avoid asking for superfluous information”
Squeamish
꾀까다로운, 별것도 아닌것에 충격을 받는
easily made to feel sick or disgusted
“I’ve always been squeamish about bugs”
Bewildered
당황하게하다, 어리둥절하게 하다
perplexed and confused; very puzzled
“he saw the bewildered look on my face”
Rancour
원한을 품다
bitterness or resentfulness, especially when long standing
“he spoke without rancour”
Amiss
not quite right
잘못됐다
“there was something amiss about his calculations”
Encroachment
침략, 침해하다
intrusion on a person’s territory, rights, etc, invade
“minor encroachments on our individual liberties”
Provocation
도발, 자극
action or speech that makes someone angry, especially deliberately
“you should remain calm and not respond to provocation”
Sponging
wipe or clean with a wet sponge or cloth
“she sponged him down in an attempt to cool his fever”
concession
양보하다
something that is allowed or given up, often in order to end a disagreement, or the act of allowing or giving this
“Both sides involved in the conflict made some concessions in yesterday’s talks”
volition
의지
the power of choosing or determining
free will, will, choice, choosing
brevity
짧음, 간결
concise and exact use of words in writing or speech
“the staff will edit manuscripts with a view to brevity and clarity”
meddle
간섭하다, 참견한다, 관여하다
interfere in something that is not one’s concern
“I don’t want him meddling in our affairs”
spinster
미혼여성
an unmarried woman, typically an older woman beyond the usual age for marriage
bereft
빼앗긴, 잃은
not feeling something or feeling great loss
umpire
심판, 판정자
an official who watches a game or match closely to enfore the rules and arbitrate on matters arising from the play
“he could be seen regularly umpiring for the club”
sumptuary
비용 절감의, 출비를 규제하는
any law designed to restrict excessive personal expenditures in the interest of preventing extravagance and luxury
proverbial
유명한, 속담
(of a word or phrase) referred to in a proverb or idiom
indulgent
제멋대로하게 하는, 관대한, 엄하지 않은
having or indicating a readiness or over-readiness to be generous to or lenient with someone.
indulgent parents
unscrupulous
사악한, 비도덕적인
having or showing no moral principles; not honest or fair.
unprincipled, unethical
“unscrupulous landlords might be tempted to harass existing tenants”
vulgarity
속됨, 야비, 무례한 언동
lacking sophistication or good taste
tasteless, gross
contend
싸우다, 논쟁하다
cope with, face, grapple with, deal with
“she had to contend with his uncertain temper”
Onomatopoeia
의성어
practice of naming something based on a phonetic (spoken) imitation of a sound associated with it
“The bee was buzzing near my ear.”
“I heard a bang outside.”
“After the car was repaired, it purred down the road.”
assonance
음의 유사
Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds in words that are close together in a sentence or verse
chips and dips
no pain, no gain
surf and turf
pervasive
퍼지는, 보급하는, 베어드는
spread throughout so thoroughly
primitive
원시의, 초기의
ancient, earliest, first
“primitive mammals”
primness
원초성
formal, proper
deity
신격
a god or goddess
“a deity of ancient Greece”
callous
무감각한, 냉담한
showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others
heartless, unfeeling, uncaring
“his callous comments about the murder made me shiver”
ascetic
고행자, 금욕주의자
transmuted
변형된
change in form, nature, or substance
“the raw material of his experience was transmuted into stories”
contrivance
발명품, 장치, 계획, 계략
an artificial arrangement or development
vulgarity
속됨, 야비, 천박, 무례한 언동
lacking in refinement or sophistication and is considered offensive or inappropriate
faddist
변덕쟁이, 일시적인 유행을 따르는 사람
very interested in or obsessed with the latest trends or fads. They often follow and promote these temporary or popular interests with enthusiasm. This term can carry a negative connotation, suggesting that the person is more focused on superficial or fleeting trends rather than having lasting interests or values.
courtesy
예의 바름, 정중 , 공손
the showing of politeness in one’s attitude and behaviour towards others
“he treated the players with courtesy and good humour”
melancholic
우울한
depressed
culinary
요리의
of or for cooking
“culinary skills”
innocuous
무해한, 해가 없는, 악의 없는
not harmful or offensive. harmless
“it was an innocuous question”
obscure
분명하지 않은, 무해한
unclear, uncertain
“his origins are obscure”
hereditary
유전적인
based on inheritance
the passing on of genes and genetic traits from parent to offspring
irrevocable
돌이킬 수 없는, 취소할 수 없는
not able to be changed, reversed
irreversible
“an irrevocable step”
herd-instinct
집단 본능
people tend to react to the actions of others and follow their lead. large number of people acting in the same way at the same time
Conforming to others
guarded by something
being cautious of something
immutable
불변의, 변경되지 않는
not capable of change
patronage
후원
Contrivance
발명품, 장치, 계획, 계략
clever but overly complicated solution to a simple problem
cleverly planned or designed often in a way that seems artificial or overly complicated
abomination
혐오, 증오, 몹시 싫어함
a thing that causes disgust or loathing 질색
atrocity, disgrace
aplomb
침착, 태연한
remaining self assured and clam with confidence
speaker who delivers a presentation flawlessly despite a technical glitch is showing ‘aplomb’
dissuade
설득하여 단념시키다, 만류하다
discourage, persuade not to do an action
“his friends tried to dissuade him from flying”
facile
겉핥기의, 힘들지 않는
ignoring the true complexity of an issue
simplistic, superficial, oversimplified
patronising
speaking or behaving towards someone as if they are stupid or not important
devious
솔직하지 않은, 비뚤ㅇㅓ진
우회하는
dishonest, deceitful, not trustworthy
infatuated
홀린
possessed with an intense but short-lived passion or admiration for someone
in love, love struck, head over heels but only for a short time
venomous
독이 있는
secreting venom, or capable of injecting venom by means of a bite or sting
poisonous
martyred
순교하다
to put to death for adhering to a belief, faith, or profession
icicle
고드름
manoeuvre
작전적으로 행동하게 하다, 조종하다
to try to control or influence a person or situation in a particular way
capitulate
항복하다
surrender, to give in, yield
“the patriots had to capitulate to the enemy forces”
deportation
추방
to force someone to leave a country
retribution
보복
“employees asked not to be named, saying they feared retribution”
pucker
주름
wrinkle
transgression
위반, 범죄
violating law, sin, crime
strode around
성큼성큼 걸어다녔다
agonise
고뇌
worry, undergo great mental anguish through worrying about something.
“I didn’t agonize over the problem”
agitated
흥분한
feeling or appearing troubled or nervous
shriek
비명, 날카로운 소리로 울다
scream
“the audience shrieked with laughter”
adept
숙달한
very skilled or proficient at something, expert, proficient
“she is adept at cutting through red tape”
raggedy
너덜너덜한, 다 찢어진
untidy, torn and looking a little dirty
bedizen
야하게 치장하다
dress up garishly and tastelessly
gaudily
저속하고 화려하게, 야하게
in a way that is too brightly coloured and lacks taste
sinister
악의가 있는, 사악한, 음흉한
giving the impression that something harmful or evil is happening or will happen
cadre
핵심 그룹
a small group of people specially trained for a particular purpose or profession
aliments
영양물, 음식물
food, nourishment
appropriation
take (something) for one’s own use, typically without the owner’s permission
hedonistic
쾌락주의(자)의
arduous
고되다, 힘
obstinate
완고한, 고집 센, 집요한
resignation
체념, 포기, 단념
apathy
무감동,무감정
ecstasy
무아경, 황홀경
intransigence
비타협적인 태도
astuteness
예리함, 예리한 분석
