S1 Food Science TEST Flashcards
SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES
Breaks down QUICKLY into the GLUCOSE needed for respiration.
COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES
Breaks down SLOWLY into the GLUCOSE needed for respiration.
PROTEINS
Breaks down into AMINO ACIDS which form new proteins used in many life processes.
Eg. Meat
VITAMINS & MINERALS
Needed in very small amounts to keep you healthy.
WATER
Used to make bodily fluids, allows chemicals to react in cells, and gives them shape.
Eg. Drinks
Balanced diet
A balanced diet means eating a good range of the different nutrients/ food groups.
LIPIDS (FATS)
Stored in fat cells. If there
is no CARBOHYDRATE, fat breaks down into the GLUCOSE needed for respiration.
FIBRE
NOT digested, but keeps food moving. Gut bacteria feed off it.
Eg. Anything plant-based
Energy in food
Food is a chemical store. Organisms need energy to reproduce, grow and move.
units of energy
Kilojoules (kJ) and Kilocalories (kcal)
Kilocalories
Kilocalories is often just called calories in everyday life.
= 1 kcal
4.2 kJ = 1 kcal
k is the abbreviation for
k is the abbreviation for kilo which means a thousand.
1 kJ
1 kJ = 1000 J
Measuring Energy in food
The amount of thermal energy released from combusting (burning) food can be used to measure the amount of energy in its chemical store.
How do you measure energy in food?
We can do this by heating water in a boiling tube using burning food and then measuring the increase in temperature of the water.
How do you measure energy in food? (Diagram)
Independent Variable
The variable you decide to change.
Dependent Variable
The variable that changes because you changed the independent variable.