S. stercoralis and hookworms Flashcards
1
Q
This is the only species naturally pathogenic to man.
A
STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS
2
Q
It is characterized by free living rhabditiform and parasitic filariform stages.
A
STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS
3
Q
Definitive host of S.s.
A
Man
3
Q
Common name of S.s.
A
Threadworm
4
Q
Infective stage of of S.s.
A
Filariform larvae
4
Q
Main habitat of of S.s.
A
Duodenum of man
5
Q
Characteristic of Adult S.s.
A
- Well-developed buccal capsule
- No teeth, no cutting plates
- But bears a crown of chitinous, leaf-like processes.
6
Q
Phase of S.s. that has longer esophagus and it occupies of (?) of the anterior part
A
Parasitic, 1/3
7
Q
Phase of S.s. that is parthenogenetic?
A
Parasitic
8
Q
Form of s.s that will infect humans through the skin?
A
Filariform
9
Q
Length of parasitic S.s?
A
2.2 mm
10
Q
Phase that is found in the soil and exists in the environment?
A
Free living
11
Q
So when the conditions in the soil becomes unfavorable, rhabditiform larvae develops into (?) which causes infection to man?
A
Filariform Larvae
12
Q
Female worm lays embryonated eggs which develop into rhabditiform larvae after a few?
A
Hours
13
Q
What part is slightly larger than that of the parasitic male worm
A
Buccal cavity
14
Q
What form is Adult female is shorter and smaller?
A
Rhabditiform
15
Q
Feeding stage of S.s
A
Rhabditiform
16
Q
Shaped of the esophagus of Rhabditiform
A
Flasked shaped and stout esophagus
17
Q
Non- feeding stage of S.s
A
Filariform
17
Q
Shaped of the esophagus of Filariform
A
Long esophagus
18
Q
Thin shelled, transparent, resembles a Chinese lantern
A
S.s
19
Q
Similar to a hookworm ova
A
S.s ova
20
Q
What type feces does S.s. found?
A
Diarrhea and hyperperistalsis
21
Q
Diseases of S.s
A
Cochin- china diarrhea, strongyloidiasis, strongyloidosis
22
Asymptomatic in light infection
S.s
23
Migration of larvae
Bronchia verminous pneumonia
24
3 PHASES OF INFECTION
1. Invasion of the skin
2. Migration of larvae through the body
3. Penetration of the intestinal mucosa by the adult worm
25
We determine the presence of hookworm like eggs in the duodenal drainage fluid?
b. Enterotest
26
DIAGNOSIS of S.s?
a. Recovery and identification of rhabditiform larvae in feces
b. Enterotest
c. ELISA
d. Filter paper/ Harada Mori filter paper technique (Picture below)
27
Treatment of S.s that is ovidical & larvicidal
Thiabendazole
28
What is the mg per day of Albendazole
400 mg/day for 3 days
29
Treatment of parasite
Albendazole
30
Personal hygiene: use of shoes/ slippers
S.s
31
Avoid sites where infected cats and dogs may defecate
S.s
32
Life Span of S.s
20-30 years
33
It is difficult to treat
S.s
34
Contains a fully developed embryo
S.s
35
S. stercoralis buccal cavity compared to hookworm is?
Short
36
Hookworm Genital primordium compared to S. stercoralis?
Small
37
Hookworm Esophagus compared to S. stercoralis?
Short
38
S. stercoralis tail compared to hookworm is?
Notched
39
Common name of Necator americanus
New world hookworm,
American hookworm
40
Common name of Ancylostoma
duodenale
Old world hookworm
41
Common name of Ancylostoma
caninum
Dog hookworm
42
Common name of Ancylostoma
braziliense
Cat and dog hookworm
43
What is the disease of Necator americanus
Necatoriasis and Uncinariasis
44
Ancylostomiasis is the disease of what parasites?
Ancylostoma duodenale, Ancylostoma
caninum and Ancylostoma
braziliense
45
What is the morphology of Necator
americanus and Ancylostoma
duodenale
Adults are stout, Cervical curvature (appears like a
hook)
46
What is the morphology of Ancylostoma
caninum and Ancylostoma
braziliense
Tend to follow the general curvature of the body
- Looks like a letter C
47
Fusiform, grayish white
ADULT HOOKWORMS
48
Size of female HW
9-13mm by 0.35 to 0.6 mm
49
Size of male HW
5-11 mm by 0.3-0.45 mm
50
Broad, caudal bursa (caudal alae) with rib-like rays
HW
51
This is a sucker or cap shape cuticular structure on the male posterior end, consisting of two cuticular flaps, wings or alae which
Caudal Bursa
52
No Teeth and pair of triangular subventral lancets/ semilunar cutting plates
NECATOR AMERICANUS
53
Small, cylindrical fusiform, greyish white nematodes where the females are larger than the males
NECATOR AMERICANUS
54
The posterior end of the males are usually broad, membranous
NECATOR AMERICANUS
54
What is the use of caudal bursa with ribbed like rays ?
Copulation
55
What HM has unfused ventral death and how many pairs?
ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE, 2
56
Adult A. duodenale, is (?) than your N. americanus
slightly larger
57
How many pairs of ventral teeth does ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE has?
3
58
ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE can cause?
cutaneous larval migrant causing creeping eruption
59
Bursa is supported by long, slender rays
ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE
60
Slightly larger than your Necator americanus
ANCYLOSTOMA CEYLANICUM
61
What parasite that was reported first here in Philippines in 1968 from a 53-year-old woman from Ilocos Norte and how many parasite
ANCYLOSTOMA CEYLANICUM, 23 adult worm
62
Ovoid colorless w/ thin, transparent shell
Ova of HW
63
With uncleaved yolk mass or a cleaved embryo and how many stages surrounded by a clear zone
HW, (2-8 stages)
64
Size of the ova of HW
50-60 um 34-40um
65
How many eggs does A. duodenale lay per day?
30, 000 eggs/day
66
A. duodenale eggs die at few hours at what temperature?
45 C
67
A. duodenale eggs die at 7 days at what temperature?
0 C
68
N. americanus eggs?
9,000 eggs/day
69
Passed in feces and produce the rhabditiform lavae in how many days? and what temperature?
1-2 days, 23-33 C
70
a bacteria can enter the skin
Pyogenic
71
Dermatitis at the site of entrance of filariform and Intense itching, edema and erythema and later papulovesicular eruption
Ground itch/Coolie itch/Dew itch/ Coolie itch
72
Provokes scratching with subsequent pyogenic infection
Pruritus
73
Migrating larvae break out of bronchial capillaries
petechial hemorrhages
74
Creeping eruptiono due mostly to the exposure of the skin to the filariform larvae of ? and ocasionally?
A. braziliense and A caninum
N. americanus and A duodenale
75
What disease and pathology stage of HM will result to Eosinophilic and leukocytic infiltration and Induces cough and pyrexia or Fever
Pulmonary lesions: Wakana disease , DUE TO LARVAL STAGE
76
it is in the stratum germinativum of the skin
Serpiginous tunnel
77
what disease Induces cough and pyrexia or Fever
Pulmonary lesions: Wakana disease
78
Give me 3 disease DUE TO LARVAL STAGE?
A. Ground itch/Coolie itch/Dew itch/ Coolie itch
B. Creeping eruption/ Cutaneous larval migrans /Plumber’s itch/Duck Hunter’s itch
C. Pulmonary lesions: Wakana disease
79
Chronic blood loss due to continuous mechanical suction of blood from the intestinal mucosa and the presence of bleeding areas left by the adult as they transfer to new areas
HOOKWORM ANEMIA
80
- Continuous mechanical suction of blood
HOOKWORM ANEMIA
81
- Blood loss N. americanus
0.03-0.05 ml/day
82
Blood loss A duodenale
0.16 – 0.34 ml/day
83
HOOKWORM ANEMIA depends on?
o Iron content of the host diet
o State of iron reserves
o Intensity and duration of the infection
84
Shortest of breath which is medically known as?
dyspnea
85
- Blood picture of HOOKWORM ANEMIA?
Mycrocytic Hypochromic Anemia
86
- Combined loss of blood and lymph
HYPOALBUMINEMIA
87
- Loss of protein due to a combined loss of blood and lymph and the protein loss is as well in excess of the loss of RBC
HYPOALBUMINEMIA
88
THE PATHOLOGY OF HOOKWORM INFECTION INVOLVES?
- The skin at the site of entry
- The lung
- The small intestine (habitat of adult worm)
89
o Diagnosed by the character of the lesion
o History of skin contact with the soil
- Ground itch and creeping eruption
90
which is of value only when the infection is quite heavy
- Direct fecal smears
91
this would provide quantitative diagnosis allowing eggs to be counted
- KTS
92
would increase positive findings several folds, where the concentration method is recommended for determining whether the stool is to be positive or negative eggs of hookworms.
- Concentration methods
93
what diagnosis of HW does allow matching of larva
- Cultural methods
94
Diagnosis for filariform diagnosis
Culture media
95
TREATMENT of HW
- Mebendazole, Pyrantel pamoate, Oxantel
96
Iron therapy
(Ferrous sulfate, 200 mg 3x a day for 3 months)
97
raise the hemoglobin
- Severe anemia
98
- Personal hygiene for HW
use of shoes or slippers
