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PARASITOLOGY > S. stercoralis and hookworms > Flashcards

S. stercoralis and hookworms Flashcards

1
Q

This is the only species naturally pathogenic to man.

A

STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS

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2
Q

It is characterized by free living rhabditiform and parasitic filariform stages.

A

STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS

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3
Q

Definitive host of S.s.

A

Man

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3
Q

Common name of S.s.

A

Threadworm

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4
Q

Infective stage of of S.s.

A

Filariform larvae

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4
Q

Main habitat of of S.s.

A

Duodenum of man

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5
Q

Characteristic of Adult S.s.

A
  • Well-developed buccal capsule
  • No teeth, no cutting plates
  • But bears a crown of chitinous, leaf-like processes.
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6
Q

Phase of S.s. that has longer esophagus and it occupies of (?) of the anterior part

A

Parasitic, 1/3

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7
Q

Phase of S.s. that is parthenogenetic?

A

Parasitic

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8
Q

Form of s.s that will infect humans through the skin?

A

Filariform

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9
Q

Length of parasitic S.s?

A

2.2 mm

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10
Q

Phase that is found in the soil and exists in the environment?

A

Free living

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11
Q

So when the conditions in the soil becomes unfavorable, rhabditiform larvae develops into (?) which causes infection to man?

A

Filariform Larvae

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12
Q

Female worm lays embryonated eggs which develop into rhabditiform larvae after a few?

A

Hours

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13
Q

What part is slightly larger than that of the parasitic male worm

A

Buccal cavity

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14
Q

What form is Adult female is shorter and smaller?

A

Rhabditiform

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15
Q

Feeding stage of S.s

A

Rhabditiform

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16
Q

Shaped of the esophagus of Rhabditiform

A

Flasked shaped and stout esophagus

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17
Q

Non- feeding stage of S.s

A

Filariform

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17
Q

Shaped of the esophagus of Filariform

A

Long esophagus

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18
Q

Thin shelled, transparent, resembles a Chinese lantern

A

S.s

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19
Q

Similar to a hookworm ova

A

S.s ova

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20
Q

What type feces does S.s. found?

A

Diarrhea and hyperperistalsis

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21
Q

Diseases of S.s

A

Cochin- china diarrhea, strongyloidiasis, strongyloidosis

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22
Q

Asymptomatic in light infection

A

S.s

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23
Q

Migration of larvae

A

Bronchia verminous pneumonia

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24
Q

3 PHASES OF INFECTION

A
  1. Invasion of the skin
  2. Migration of larvae through the body
  3. Penetration of the intestinal mucosa by the adult worm
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25
Q

We determine the presence of hookworm like eggs in the duodenal drainage fluid?

A

b. Enterotest

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26
Q

DIAGNOSIS of S.s?

A

a. Recovery and identification of rhabditiform larvae in feces
b. Enterotest
c. ELISA
d. Filter paper/ Harada Mori filter paper technique (Picture below)

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27
Q

Treatment of S.s that is ovidical & larvicidal

A

Thiabendazole

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28
Q

What is the mg per day of Albendazole

A

400 mg/day for 3 days

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29
Q

Treatment of parasite

A

Albendazole

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30
Q

Personal hygiene: use of shoes/ slippers

A

S.s

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31
Q

Avoid sites where infected cats and dogs may defecate

A

S.s

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32
Q

Life Span of S.s

A

20-30 years

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33
Q

It is difficult to treat

A

S.s

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34
Q

Contains a fully developed embryo

A

S.s

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35
Q

S. stercoralis buccal cavity compared to hookworm is?

A

Short

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36
Q

Hookworm Genital primordium compared to S. stercoralis?

A

Small

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37
Q

Hookworm Esophagus compared to S. stercoralis?

A

Short

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38
Q

S. stercoralis tail compared to hookworm is?

A

Notched

39
Q

Common name of Necator americanus

A

New world hookworm,
American hookworm

40
Q

Common name of Ancylostoma
duodenale

A

Old world hookworm

41
Q

Common name of Ancylostoma
caninum

A

Dog hookworm

42
Q

Common name of Ancylostoma
braziliense

A

Cat and dog hookworm

43
Q

What is the disease of Necator americanus

A

Necatoriasis and Uncinariasis

44
Q

Ancylostomiasis is the disease of what parasites?

A

Ancylostoma duodenale, Ancylostoma
caninum and Ancylostoma
braziliense

45
Q

What is the morphology of Necator
americanus and Ancylostoma
duodenale

A

Adults are stout, Cervical curvature (appears like a
hook)

46
Q

What is the morphology of Ancylostoma
caninum and Ancylostoma
braziliense

A

Tend to follow the general curvature of the body
- Looks like a letter C

47
Q

Fusiform, grayish white

A

ADULT HOOKWORMS

48
Q

Size of female HW

A

9-13mm by 0.35 to 0.6 mm

49
Q

Size of male HW

A

5-11 mm by 0.3-0.45 mm

50
Q

Broad, caudal bursa (caudal alae) with rib-like rays

A

HW

51
Q

This is a sucker or cap shape cuticular structure on the male posterior end, consisting of two cuticular flaps, wings or alae which

A

Caudal Bursa

52
Q

No Teeth and pair of triangular subventral lancets/ semilunar cutting plates

A

NECATOR AMERICANUS

53
Q

Small, cylindrical fusiform, greyish white nematodes where the females are larger than the males

A

NECATOR AMERICANUS

54
Q

The posterior end of the males are usually broad, membranous

A

NECATOR AMERICANUS

54
Q

What is the use of caudal bursa with ribbed like rays ?

A

Copulation

55
Q

What HM has unfused ventral death and how many pairs?

A

ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE, 2

56
Q

Adult A. duodenale, is (?) than your N. americanus

A

slightly larger

57
Q

How many pairs of ventral teeth does ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE has?

A

3

58
Q

ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE can cause?

A

cutaneous larval migrant causing creeping eruption

59
Q

Bursa is supported by long, slender rays

A

ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE

60
Q

Slightly larger than your Necator americanus

A

ANCYLOSTOMA CEYLANICUM

61
Q

What parasite that was reported first here in Philippines in 1968 from a 53-year-old woman from Ilocos Norte and how many parasite

A

ANCYLOSTOMA CEYLANICUM, 23 adult worm

62
Q

Ovoid colorless w/ thin, transparent shell

A

Ova of HW

63
Q

With uncleaved yolk mass or a cleaved embryo and how many stages surrounded by a clear zone

A

HW, (2-8 stages)

64
Q

Size of the ova of HW

A

50-60 um 34-40um

65
Q

How many eggs does A. duodenale lay per day?

A

30, 000 eggs/day

66
Q

A. duodenale eggs die at few hours at what temperature?

A

45 C

67
Q

A. duodenale eggs die at 7 days at what temperature?

A

0 C

68
Q

N. americanus eggs?

A

9,000 eggs/day

69
Q

Passed in feces and produce the rhabditiform lavae in how many days? and what temperature?

A

1-2 days, 23-33 C

70
Q

a bacteria can enter the skin

A

Pyogenic

71
Q

Dermatitis at the site of entrance of filariform and Intense itching, edema and erythema and later papulovesicular eruption

A

Ground itch/Coolie itch/Dew itch/ Coolie itch

72
Q

Provokes scratching with subsequent pyogenic infection

A

Pruritus

73
Q

Migrating larvae break out of bronchial capillaries

A

petechial hemorrhages

74
Q

Creeping eruptiono due mostly to the exposure of the skin to the filariform larvae of ? and ocasionally?

A

A. braziliense and A caninum

N. americanus and A duodenale

75
Q

What disease and pathology stage of HM will result to Eosinophilic and leukocytic infiltration and Induces cough and pyrexia or Fever

A

Pulmonary lesions: Wakana disease , DUE TO LARVAL STAGE

76
Q

it is in the stratum germinativum of the skin

A

Serpiginous tunnel

77
Q

what disease Induces cough and pyrexia or Fever

A

Pulmonary lesions: Wakana disease

78
Q

Give me 3 disease DUE TO LARVAL STAGE?

A

A. Ground itch/Coolie itch/Dew itch/ Coolie itch
B. Creeping eruption/ Cutaneous larval migrans /Plumber’s itch/Duck Hunter’s itch
C. Pulmonary lesions: Wakana disease

79
Q

Chronic blood loss due to continuous mechanical suction of blood from the intestinal mucosa and the presence of bleeding areas left by the adult as they transfer to new areas

A

HOOKWORM ANEMIA

80
Q
  • Continuous mechanical suction of blood
A

HOOKWORM ANEMIA

81
Q
  • Blood loss N. americanus
A

0.03-0.05 ml/day

82
Q

Blood loss A duodenale

A

0.16 – 0.34 ml/day

83
Q

HOOKWORM ANEMIA depends on?

A

o Iron content of the host diet
o State of iron reserves
o Intensity and duration of the infection

84
Q

Shortest of breath which is medically known as?

A

dyspnea

85
Q
  • Blood picture of HOOKWORM ANEMIA?
A

Mycrocytic Hypochromic Anemia

86
Q
  • Combined loss of blood and lymph
A

HYPOALBUMINEMIA

87
Q
  • Loss of protein due to a combined loss of blood and lymph and the protein loss is as well in excess of the loss of RBC
A

HYPOALBUMINEMIA

88
Q

THE PATHOLOGY OF HOOKWORM INFECTION INVOLVES?

A
  • The skin at the site of entry
  • The lung
  • The small intestine (habitat of adult worm)
89
Q

o Diagnosed by the character of the lesion
o History of skin contact with the soil

A
  • Ground itch and creeping eruption
90
Q

which is of value only when the infection is quite heavy

A
  • Direct fecal smears
91
Q

this would provide quantitative diagnosis allowing eggs to be counted

A
  • KTS
92
Q

would increase positive findings several folds, where the concentration method is recommended for determining whether the stool is to be positive or negative eggs of hookworms.

A
  • Concentration methods
93
Q

what diagnosis of HW does allow matching of larva

A
  • Cultural methods
94
Q

Diagnosis for filariform diagnosis

A

Culture media

95
Q

TREATMENT of HW

A
  • Mebendazole, Pyrantel pamoate, Oxantel
96
Q

Iron therapy

A

(Ferrous sulfate, 200 mg 3x a day for 3 months)

97
Q

raise the hemoglobin

A
  • Severe anemia
98
Q
  • Personal hygiene for HW
A

use of shoes or slippers

PARASITOLOGY (2 decks)

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