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Chemistry > S&B1 > Flashcards

S&B1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What elements are usually in C.N.S?

A

Carbon or Silicon

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2
Q

What r intermolecular forces?

A

The forces between molecules

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3
Q

Intramolecular forces are…

A

Forces between atoms within a molecule

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4
Q

Why only carbon n silicon can have C.N.S structure?

A

4 valency - able to form multiple bonds so is able to form a network

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5
Q

(Table)Molecular substance has…

A

Weak intermolecular forces

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6
Q

Metallic substances have…

A

Cations and delocalised ē

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7
Q

What particles do Ionic substances have(NOT FORMED)?

A

they HAVE
Cations and Anions

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8
Q

List the shapes

A

Tetrahdral, Trigonal pyramid, Trigonal Planar, Bent, Linear

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9
Q

List the shapes’ angles

A

tetrahedral, trigonal pyramid, bent, ~109.5
trigonal planar, bent, ~120
linear, 180

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10
Q

What r bond dipoles?

A

Polarity between two atoms(the arrow thingy)

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11
Q

Carbon or Hydrogen more electronegative?

A

C

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12
Q

Carbon or Oxygen more electronegative?

A

O

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13
Q

A bond with bond dipole would be polar or non-polar?

A

Polar bond

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14
Q

Even though a molecule has polar bonds, it can be a non-polar. why?

A

The bond dipoles can cancel out

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15
Q

Bond dipole arrow for H and C?

A

+left to right-

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16
Q

Noble gases are stable(8 valence ē), therefore…

A

They have no electronegativity so they’r non-polars

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17
Q

What is a temporary dipole?

A

Constant movement of electrons throughout the nucleus

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18
Q

Asymmetrical shapes are polar or non-polar?

A

Polar molecules

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19
Q

Symmetrical shapes are…

A

Non-polar molecules

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20
Q

RONCs in words

A

Regions of negative charges

21
Q

Explain shapes(6 things)

A

RONCs, central atom, parent shape, angle, bonded unbonded regions, final shape

22
Q

Explain polarity(7 things)

A

final shape, polar bonds, ē-negative atom, symmetry, net dipole, cancel out, polarity

23
Q

Endothermic releases or absorbs heat?

A

Absorbs heat

24
Q

What’s a mole?

A

A number

25
Q

Why are covalent bonds non-conductive?

A

Have no charged particles - no flow of charge

26
Q

Examples of electrical insulators

A

Rubber, plastic, glass

27
Q

Mole equation

A

n = m/M

28
Q

Endothermic reactions are…

A

Melting, evaporating, subliming

29
Q

Endothermic enthalpy, positive or negative?

A

Positive

30
Q

Bond enthalpy definition

A

Energy needed to break a bond

31
Q

Exothermic reactions include…

A

Freezing, condensation, deposition

32
Q

△rH unit?

A

kJ mol⁻¹

33
Q

Heat energy change symbol and equation?

A

q(kJ) = n△H

34
Q

△rH equation?

A

Hr - Hp = △rH

35
Q

Exothermic enthalpy is positive or negative?

A

Negative

36
Q

How many electrons can the third shell have?

A

18

37
Q

Amount of electrons in forth shell?

A

32

38
Q

endo/exo graph labels?

A

reactants, products, activation energy, enthalpy

39
Q

Diamond’s structure?

A

3D network of C-atoms (lattice)

40
Q

Graphite’s structure?

A

2D network of C-atoms (sheet/layers)

41
Q

(Polarity) Dissolving solvents

A

(polar & nonpolar)non-polar attractive forces r weaker, cannot overcome strong polar bonds

polar & polar)negative attracts positive, strong enough to overcome, can disolve

42
Q

(mole)Divide what with n?
n being number of [element]

A

the fucking enthalpy

43
Q

What is non-directional?

A

Metallic bonds

44
Q

What bond is directional?

A

Ionic & covalent

45
Q

What structure is a repeating pattern?

A

Lattice

46
Q

What makes metallic bonds malleable(4 things)?

A

-valence shell delocalised ē
-non-directional bonds
-layers can slide past each other(w/out breaking)
-malleable

47
Q

Brittle compound properties(5 things)?

A

-ionic/covalent structure
-directional bonds
-ions shift when force applied
-cations/anions align — repel
-shatter

48
Q
A

Chemistry (3 decks)

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