S&A 1 - Intro

Question 1

What is the definition of sedation in dentistry?

Answer 1

Reduction/abolition of physiological and physiological responses to the stress of dentistry without the loss of consciousness, cooperation and protection reflexes (airway)

Question 2

When using NO sedation, what is the highest dosage that can be given?

Answer 2

70%

Question 3

What effects does conscious sedation have on the body?

Answer 3

Dampens down CNS - reducing BP and RR

Keeping verbal contact is a must

Question 4

What is the amount of midazolam needed to 1.sedate or 2.anesthesise a patient? why is this a good drug for sedation?

Answer 4

1. 0.5mg
2. 25-30g
   Safe drug with a wide margin of safety

Question 5

When is sedation indicated?

Answer 5

Social –> phobia, remove gagging reflex
Medical –> conditions aggravated by stress - ischaemic heart disease (angina), hypertension, asthma, cerebral palsy/parkinsons (calms spastic movements)
Dental –> long surgery

Question 6

When is sedation contraindicated?

Answer 6

Unwilling/uncooperative patient
Very old patient - reduced metabolism in liver and kidneys
Child <12y.o

Medically

• severe/uncontrolled systemic disease, esp.cardio-respiratory disease (recent MI/COPD)
• hepatic/renal insufficiency - won’t metabolise drug
• pregnant/ lactating
• poor nasal airway/claustrphobia