#s

Question 1

pH

Answer 1

7.4 (7.35-7.45)

Question 2

PaO2

Answer 2

80-100mmHg

baby: 40-70mm Hg
adult: >80mm Hg –100mm Hg (adults60yrs: subtract 1mm Hg from 80mm Hg for each year up to age 90

Question 3

Ventilatory Failure

Answer 3

PaCO2 is greater than 50mm Hg
Severity determined by the degree of acidemia and rapidity of the change in pH
Acute changes in pH are more often accompanied by loss of alertness and coma than are chronic changes in pH

Question 4

Alveolar Hyperventilation

Answer 4

PaCO2 < 35

Question 5

Alveolar Hypoventilation

Answer 5

PaCO2 > 45

Question 6

pH:

Answer 6

7.35-7.45

Question 7

HCO3-

Answer 7

: 22-28

Question 8

SaO2:

Answer 8

> 95%

Question 9

BE:

Answer 9

+/- 2mEq/L

Question 10

Interpretation of PFTs

Answer 10

Normal values are presented in columns of predicted, observed, and percent predicted.
A value needs to be 20% or greater in difference from predicted in order to be considered abnormal

Question 11

Disconnection:

Answer 11

often a low pressure alarm indicating that there is a opening in the circuit

Question 12

Volume alarm:

Answer 12

Low volume: secretion build up or obstruction

High volume: possible disconnection; or patient tachypneic and hyperventilating

Question 13

FiO2 alarm

Answer 13

fraction of inspired oxygen is not maintained at appropriate setting…check oxygen connection to ventilator

Question 14

Apnea alarm

Answer 14

patient is not initiating a breath, patient is fatiguing during the weaning mode and requires more ventilatory support

Question 15

High pressure alarm

Answer 15

often indicates secretion build up or the ventilator tubing is occluded from compression
suction or bag the patient*

Question 16

Low pressure alarm

Answer 16

may signify a leak in the ventilator circuitry or a bad patient connection