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Class 10 Science Chapter 2 > S 10 C2 > Flashcards

S 10 C2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an acid?

A

A substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution.

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2
Q

What is a base?

A

A substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution.

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3
Q

True or False: Acids have a pH less than 7.

A

True

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4
Q

True or False: Bases have a pH greater than 7.

A

True

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5
Q

What is the pH scale range?

A

0 to 14

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: A solution with a pH of 7 is considered __________.

A

neutral

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7
Q

What is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

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8
Q

What is the chemical formula for sodium hydroxide?

A

NaOH

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9
Q

What is a strong acid?

A

An acid that completely dissociates in water.

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10
Q

What is a weak acid?

A

An acid that partially dissociates in water.

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11
Q

Give an example of a strong base.

A

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

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12
Q

Give an example of a weak base.

A

Ammonia (NH3)

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13
Q

What is the process called when an acid and a base react together?

A

Neutralization

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14
Q

What are the products of a neutralization reaction?

A

Salt and water

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15
Q

True or False: All acids taste sour.

A

True

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16
Q

True or False: All bases feel slippery.

A

True

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17
Q

What is the indicator used to test for acidity?

A

Litmus paper

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18
Q

What color does litmus paper turn in an acidic solution?

A

Red

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19
Q

What color does litmus paper turn in a basic solution?

A

Blue

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20
Q

Fill in the blank: A substance that can act as both an acid and a base is called __________.

A

amphoteric

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21
Q

What is the Arrhenius definition of an acid?

A

A substance that increases the concentration of H+ ions in water.

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22
Q

What is the Arrhenius definition of a base?

A

A substance that increases the concentration of OH- ions in water.

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23
Q

What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid?

A

A proton donor.

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24
Q

What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of a base?

A

A proton acceptor.

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25
Q

What is the term for a solution that resists changes in pH upon the addition of an acid or base?

A

Buffer

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26
Q

What is the primary component of a buffer solution?

A

A weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.

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27
Q

What is the effect of acids on metals?

A

They can react to produce hydrogen gas.

28
Q

What is the effect of bases on fats and oils?

A

They can saponify them, producing soap.

29
Q

Fill in the blank: The pH of a solution can be measured using __________.

A

a pH meter

30
Q

What does the term ‘conjugate acid-base pair’ refer to?

A

A pair of species that transform into each other by the gain or loss of a proton.

31
Q

What is the difference between a monoprotic acid and a diprotic acid?

A

A monoprotic acid donates one proton, while a diprotic acid donates two protons.

32
Q

What is the pH of a 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution?

A

1

33
Q

What is the pH of a 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution?

A

13

34
Q

What is an acid?

A

A substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution.

35
Q

What is a base?

A

A substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution.

36
Q

True or False: Acids have a pH less than 7.

A

True

37
Q

True or False: Bases have a pH greater than 7.

A

True

38
Q

What is the pH scale range?

A

0 to 14

39
Q

Fill in the blank: A solution with a pH of 7 is considered __________.

A

neutral

40
Q

What is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

41
Q

What is the chemical formula for sodium hydroxide?

A

NaOH

42
Q

What is a strong acid?

A

An acid that completely dissociates in water.

43
Q

What is a weak acid?

A

An acid that partially dissociates in water.

44
Q

Give an example of a strong base.

A

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

45
Q

Give an example of a weak base.

A

Ammonia (NH3)

46
Q

What is the process called when an acid and a base react together?

A

Neutralization

47
Q

What are the products of a neutralization reaction?

A

Salt and water

48
Q

True or False: All acids taste sour.

A

True

49
Q

True or False: All bases feel slippery.

A

True

50
Q

What is the indicator used to test for acidity?

A

Litmus paper

51
Q

What color does litmus paper turn in an acidic solution?

A

Red

52
Q

What color does litmus paper turn in a basic solution?

A

Blue

53
Q

Fill in the blank: A substance that can act as both an acid and a base is called __________.

A

amphoteric

54
Q

What is the Arrhenius definition of an acid?

A

A substance that increases the concentration of H+ ions in water.

55
Q

What is the Arrhenius definition of a base?

A

A substance that increases the concentration of OH- ions in water.

56
Q

What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid?

A

A proton donor.

57
Q

What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of a base?

A

A proton acceptor.

58
Q

What is the term for a solution that resists changes in pH upon the addition of an acid or base?

A

Buffer

59
Q

What is the primary component of a buffer solution?

A

A weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.

60
Q

What is the effect of acids on metals?

A

They can react to produce hydrogen gas.

61
Q

What is the effect of bases on fats and oils?

A

They can saponify them, producing soap.

62
Q

Fill in the blank: The pH of a solution can be measured using __________.

A

a pH meter

63
Q

What does the term ‘conjugate acid-base pair’ refer to?

A

A pair of species that transform into each other by the gain or loss of a proton.

64
Q

What is the difference between a monoprotic acid and a diprotic acid?

A

A monoprotic acid donates one proton, while a diprotic acid donates two protons.

65
Q

What is the pH of a 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution?

A

1

66
Q

What is the pH of a 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution?

A

13

Class 10 Science Chapter 2 (2 decks)

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