Rwanda profile Flashcards
GNI per capita (PPP)
$2730 as of 2022
gini coefficient
0.42
unemployment rate
18%
inflation rate
11.2%
monetary policy interest rate
7.5%
gov debt as a % of gdp
63.3%
fiscal deficit
6.2% with fitch expecting it to narrow to 6% in FY24 and 5.2% in FY25
Youth unemployment
21%
Corruption and human development ranking
corruption: 54/190
human development: 165/191
life expectancy at birth, maternal mortality rate, adolescent birth rate
life expec: 70 (46 in 1996)
maternal mortality rate: 259 per 100k live births
adolescent brith rate (15-19yrs): 37 in 2021
expected and mean years of schooling
11.2 expected (5.6 in 1996) and 4.4 mean (2.1 in 1996)
access to electricity
46% of population
shocks to rwandan economy
Repeated droughts, the severe floods in May 2023, and tightening global financing conditions are compounding the challenges from the legacy of the pandemic.
What was significant about rwanda’s trade
- biggest exporter of tungsten oil in 2021
- 23% of exports are gold.
- also lots of tea, coffee, palm oil - primary product dependency
Who does rwanda trade with
- countries it shares a border with
- landlocked country restricts ability to trade efficiently, often restricted as must obey surrounding country laws so FDI is unattarctive
main rwandan imports
- net importer of used clothing; trying to develop textile sector and this is a big source of employment so tariffs on imports may be useful
- electricity, refined petroleum
potential in economy
- travel and tourism sector; air rwanda is a low cost carrier
- aim to have 20% buses, 30% motorcycles and 8% cars electrified by 2030 so can save on petrol imports
barrier to development in rwanda
- less tax revenue
- harder to achieve economies of scale
- price take in world markets
How can rwanda improve
Commercialise agriculture through tech development to increase productivty and thus yileds increase -green revolution gives the income needed to finance industrialisation and thus urbanisation
