russification under Alexander III

Question 1

alexander III and his ministers in particular who engaged in a policy of what?

Answer 1

-in particular Pobedonostev engaged in a policy of ‘cultural russification’

Question 2

what did cultural Russification sought to do?

Answer 2

sought to merge all the Tsar’s subjects into a single nation with a feeling of shared identity

Question 3

destruction of non-russian national cultures was particularly marked in?

Answer 3

Poland and Finland

Question 4

In Finland what was reorganized in 1892?

Answer 4

the diet(parliament) in order to weaken its political influence

Question 5

what was increasingly demanded?

Answer 5

The use of the Russian language was increasingly demanded

Question 6

what was abolished?

Answer 6

the independent postal service was abolished

Question 7

what replaced local currency?

Answer 7

Russian coinage

Question 8

what happened in Poland in 1885?

Answer 8

the polish national bank was closed

Question 9

in schools and universities (Poland) what happened?

Answer 9

the teaching of all subjects except the polish language and religion had to be in Russian
- even polish literature studied in Russian translation

Question 10

administration of Poland also was also

Answer 10

changed to curb any independence

Question 11

who also found themselves as subjects of particular aggressive russification?

Answer 11

the loyal baltic germans, who had enjoyed the special protection of Alexander II predecessors

Question 12

between 1885 and 1859 what measures were introduced?

Answer 12

measures introduced to enforce the use of russian in all state :
-offices
-elementary
- secondary schools
-the police force
-the judicial system

Question 13

even German university of Dorpar ‘Russified’ and became ?

Answer 13

Iurev Universiry(1889-93)

Question 14

Russification extended to other provinces such as

Answer 14

Belorussia Georgia and Ukraine

Question 15

in Ukraine further laws limited the use of?

Answer 15

Ukrainian language in 1883

Question 16

in 1884 Ukraine

Answer 16

all theatres in the five Ukrainian provinces were closed

Question 17

military service arrangements

Answer 17

-extended into areas previously exempt
- conscripts from national areas were dispersed to prevent national groupings from developing in the army
- business entirely conducted in Russian

Question 18

even people of siberia and further east were

Answer 18

subject to attempts at russification

Question 19

adherence to the orthodox church was encouraged everywhere with laws

Answer 19

benefitting those of orthodox faith

Question 20

in the baltic region, how many Lutherans converted to orthodoxy?

Answer 20

37,000
-in order to take advantage of the special measures of support

Question 21

in Poland what were closed down

Answer 21

catholic monasteries were closed down
-influence of catholic priests was curbed
-incentives were provided for non-catholics to settle in this area

Question 22

in asia

Answer 22

the all Russian orthodox missionary society worked to convert ‘heathens’(non believers) and Muslims’ and this included mass baptisms

Question 23

from 1883 members of non-orthodox churches were not allowed to?

Answer 23

build new places of worship,wear religious dress except within their meeting place, or spread any religious propaganda

Question 24

any attempt to convert a member of the orthodox church to another faith was made punishable by?

Answer 24

exile to siberia