Russian History Flashcards
Which people lived in Russia around 450 BCE?
The scythians
What occured in Russia around 800 AD?
Vikings rode down the rivers of Russia on expeditions to raid the land.
The Rurik Dynasty
Rurik was the first russian prince and was of viking origin who united the various Slav tribes. His Dynasty ruled over Russia for 700 years from 862 to 1598.
What was Russia’s first capital and when was it first changed?
Rurik established his capital in Novgorod in 862 and his successor Oleg who moved the capital to Kiev, during his reign from 879.
These were the beginnings of Kievan’ Rus.
When did Kievan’ Rus convert to orthodox Christianity?
Kievan Rus was converted to orthodox Christianity in 988 by Vladimir the Great.
Which time period is known as the Golden Age of Kievan’ Rus and what made this time period distinct?
1019 - 1054 AD
При Ярославе Владимировиче на Руси начали строить храмы, стали развиваться культура и образованность, выросло население, Киев стал богатейшим городом,
был составлен первый известный свод законов русского права, который вошёл в историю как «Русская правда».
The Golden Horde
The Mongols launched a great raid across the Caucasus mountains and defeated the Kievan princes at the battle of the Kalka river in 1223.
In 1237, the Tatars (Mongols) returned and burned down many Russian towns including Vladimir, Rostov, Kiev, Riazan, Tver, Halych. Thus began the ruling of the Golden Horde who made Russian princes pay tribute to the Khans who ruled from their capital of Sarai.
The Golden Horde disintegrated in 1453 into four rival Khanates.
What famous battle took place in the winter of 1242?
The battle on the Ice (Ледовое побоище, Schlacht auf dem Peipussee) where Alexander Nevsky defeated the Teutonic Knights on the frozen Peipus lake (between modern day Russia & Estonia).
What famous battle took place in 1362?
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Великое княжество Литовское) defeated the tatars in 1362 in the Battle of blue Waters in 1362 and conquered Kiev.
What famous battle took place in 1380?
In 1380 Dmitri Donskoi of Moscow defeated the Tatars at the Kulikovo Field (Мамаево побоище, Донское побоище, битва на Куликовом поле).
What battle took place in 1480 and what else occurs in this year?
Стояние на Угре
Ivan the Third forced the Tatars to retreat at the Urga river in 1480.
Moscow becomes the central point of governance for the emergence of the first Russian state.
The first Tsar of Russia
Ivan the terrible was crowned the first Tsar of Russia in 1547.
Ivan the Terrible retook a lot of Land back from the Tatars including Kazan and Astrakhan.
He was defeated in the Livonian War 1558 - 1583 by the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth (Речь Посполитая) and the Kingdom of Sweden.
What became Russia’s first seaport?
Archangelsk (2 pts) was founded in 1585 (1 pt) and linked Russia to Western Europe (2 pts).
What happened in 1598?
Fyodor, Ivan The Terrible’s son died childless and with him came the end of the Rurik dynasty.
What came to be known as the Time of Troubles (Смутное время)?
The 15 year period after Fyodor’s death from 1598 to 1613 during which Russia fell into Anarchy; Polish troops seized Moscow and Smolensk and Swedish troops seized Novgorod
