Russian Current Flashcards
Electrical Muscle stimulation can be divided into what two broad categories
- ) Neuromuscular electrical stimulation used for strengthening
- ) Functional Electrical Stimulation used for re-education or endurance training of muscles
Kots claimed russain current could produce how much more force than a voluntary maximal-contraction
30%
NMES (neuromuscular electrical stimulation/ Russian) can be used for
strethening, prevention of atrophy(when an intact nerver supply to the muscle)
NMES is not considered medically necessary for
prevention of muscle atrophy folowing an orthopedic procedure, treatment of pain, as a technique to increase general circulation.
What type of current is russian
2,500 Hz sine wave which is 10 msec n 10 msec off, known as a medium frequency, burst alternating . 50 bursts per second.
What type of wave form is russian
biphasic sinusoidal
what type of modulation is russian
continuous pulsatile current with burst modulation
What is the duty cycle for russian current
1:5
general parameters for russian
ampllitude: tetanic muscle contraction
pulse rate: 50-70 pps,
10 seconds on 50 seconds on, 10 reps
What would the pulse rate be fore edema
less than 10 pps for twitch contraction, which is used for edema control and chronic pain
What is tetanic contraction of 30 pps used for
spasm reduction, dususe atrophy. `
if patient complains of discomfort what should you do?
too much current, insufficient moistening of spinge, minor small denuded area (scrathes, cuts, abrasions), patient is hypersensitive,, poor electrode conformity or size.
What dosage should you use on a patient
maximal current that is tolerable for the patient
How long should russian be for
10-30 mins
If a healthy athlete can generate a stronger voluntary muscle contraction than an electrically induced contraction why use NMES?
NMES is used on patients who cannot perform voluntary muscle contraction
Does NMES recruit fibers in the order or opposite order than a voluntary contraction
Opposite-
With NMES and a passive contraction the large nerve fibers fire first, followed by the smaller fibers
When a patient performs active voluntary contraction, the small fibers fire first, followed by the larger ones.
What often causes spasms of skeletal muscles
dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities. Can be a result from microtrauma, macrotrauma, accumulation of chemical irriitants, muscle weakness, and pain
Spasm Vs Cramp
Spasm- low-grade contraction or tightness
Cramp-complete, massive, sudden-onset contraction
What is the Pain-Spasm-Pain Cycle
pain was the cause of spasm, which puts more pressure on sensitive nerve ending, causing vicious cyclle.
To Treat spasms we use a tetanic contraction stimulation, what is the goal of this type of contraction?
- ) increase local circulation
- ) remove metabolic wastes
- ) mechanically stimulate muscle fibers and induce some muscle spasm fatigue ( stimulation the muscle fiber at a certain intensity and for a long duration will render that muscle unable to contract.
Parameters for Russian for Muscle Spasm
intensity: strong enough to see a visible contraction
PPS: 100 to 125
Continuous
Treatment Time: 20 minutes or until the spas, is broken
Parameters for Russian or NMES for edema
if muscle pumping is goal; duty cycle 1:1
pt should contract muscle if possible
NMES produces cyclic muscle contractions (twitch contraction) to stimulate lymphatic flow and help remove free protein and edema from the area
NMES intensity For increasing ROM
intenstity: strong enough to move the extremity though the anti-gravity range of motion, Intensity should be increased throughout the treatment
NMES pps for increasing rom
20 to 30 pulses per second
NMES Mode for increasing ROM
interrupted or surge mode
What muscle group do you stimulate?
the antagonist of the contracture
Treatment time
15 seconds on, 15 seconds off
Duty cycle 1:1 or 2:5
for 90 minutes daily, (3 sessions for 30 minutes)
Can NMES burn patients
yes, so monitor beneath the electrodes
Names some precautions
Patients who cannot provide feedback, pt with hyper tension, hypotension, ANS response may affect the blood pressure of the patient. Overweight patients may have increased sensitivity to burns
Contraindications for Russian or NMES
healing fractures, areas of active bleeding, malignancies or phlebitis in treatment area, superficial metal implants, pharyngeal or laryngeal muscles, patients with demand-type pacemakers.
