Russia Flashcards
Why were the five year plans adopted
To improve agriculture
Strengthen the industry
Political goals
What was GOSPLAN
GOSPLAN set targets for factories, mines, workers, etc
What happened if workers didn’t meet thier targets
Increase in wages/increase in targets
What were the successes of the first five year plan
Production increased- coal doubled and steel X4
Prestige- overtaken Britain and Germany in industrial output
Economy improved
Towns created
Failures of the first five year plan
Lots of workers died or sent to gulags
Shortages- rapid growth in towns lead to need of rationings
Less skilled workers
Poor working/living conditions
What was the second five year plan
Electricity
Machines
Coal
Railway
What did the government decide to do different for the second five year plan
Increased the quality
What were the successes of the second five year plan
Increase in industry
Increase in consumer goods
Increase in quality
Urbanisation- people moved to cities
What were the failures of the second five yesr plan
Workers in fear- didn’t want to lose job or sent to gulags
Poor working/living conditions
What was the third five year plan
Continued industrial growth but focus on weapons (Treat of Nazi invasion
What were the successes of the third five year plan
Defences- Russia prepared when Nazis attacked
What were the failures of the third five year plan
Purges delayed work
Example: plane development delayed as planners, managers, scientists, etc were arrested
What was the main goals for the first five year plan
Output in heavy industry like iron, steel, coal and oil
What was collectivisation
Peasants working together on a farm “kolkhoz” to achive a common goal
Why was collectivisation introduced
Increase exports of grain Building a workers society To secure a good food supply To increase agicultural efficiency To show increase in communism
Why did the government hate kulaks
Because kulaks resisted collectivisation and made their own money
Why did kulaks resist collectivisation
Because they could earn more money by their own
How did Stalin defeat Trotsky
T didn’t expct S
T thought his position as leader was safe
S tells T wrong funeral date for L
S added his supporters to the party
S picked off his enemies one at a time
S was secretary general- striped T of power
What started the purges
Kirnovs death
Why did Stalin carry out the purges
Threatened by anyone who was smarter than him Distrustful/paranoid Wanted to stay in power Produce fear Get rid of enemies
What was Stalins “cult of personality”
Childern thought be was good. When adults supported him
Make him seem clever/skillful
Radio praised Stalin
How did WW1 affect Russia
Soldiers died- very important for Tsar
Food shortages- food was sent to troops
Tsar lead army in 1915- Rasputin got closer to Tsarina
People blamed Tsar for failures in war
