Russia 1917-1922: Summary Notes Flashcards
Why the Bolsheviks won the October Revolution
Weakness of the Provisional Government, Economic and Social problems, Continuation of the WW1 and dual power of the Provisional Government and Bolsheviks
What is the first October Revolution event(October 24)
On October 24,1917, the Provisional government moved against the Bolsheviks in St Petersburg
What is the second event of the October Revolution
On October 25, 1917 the Bolshevik revolutionaries stormed the Winter Palace to seize control from Provisional Gvernment
Who was Vladmir Lenin
He was the founder of an Russian Communist Party called the Bolsheviks, created the Soviet Union(also created a communist worldview)
How did Lenin impact the Russian Revolution
The Bolsheviks(led by Vladimir Lenin) seized power and destroyed the tsarist rule tradition after Nicholas the 2nd abdicated
How long did the Russian Civil War last
1918- start of 1921(some think it ended 1922)
Who won the Russian Civil War and why
The Reds(Bolsheviks) won the the civil war because of their effective leadership(Lenin and Trotsky) , weak leadership of the Whites and their control of major places(Mecca, railway)
What was the Treaty of Brest Litovsk and Why
A peace treaty between the Bolsheviks(now government and Central powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire. It was made to end Russia participation in WW1
Who were the whites
The whites were monarchists(people who support the government independently) militarist and foreign nations(for a bit) against the Bolsheviks
Who were the reds
The Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War
What was Lenin’s job during the Civil Wr
To run the government and organise food and industrial production
What happened in the towns during the Russin Civil War
The state told factories what to produce. Strict discipline was also imposed on the workers(including trade unions not being allowed and workers being prevented from leaving the cities.)
What were the benefits of being a worker during Russin Civil War
Larger rations were given to factory workers and soldiers( only 200 grams of bread given to other people)
What were some problems during Russin Civil War
Money lost its value as the Russian Ruobles of 1920 were only worth 1% of the roubles from 1917
Food was rationed and wages were often received in food or other goods
How did Lenin try to solve the food shortages(Russin Civil War how did Peasants react)
Lenin sent out his secret police to seize large amounts of food and punished those who were found with it
Peasants resisted and tried to produce less food as they thought it would be taken from them
What happened to those who opposed the government
They were arrested and shot without trial or sent to labour camps(began to think Tsarist Russia was better)
How did the peasants react to the Reds
They supported them but hated War Communism and were afraid their land would be taken away
Who were the greens
Peasant group who were armed + countered the government in Russin Civil War
Waht caused the treaty of Brest- Liovsk
The treaty was forced on the Bolshevik government by the threat of further advancement by German forces
What Russia lost by signing the Treaty of Brest Litovsk
Ukraine, Belarus and the Baltic States
Had to pay 300 million gold roubles
3/4 of its coal and iron reserves
What caused the Russin Civil War
Because the Provisional Government was overthrown
Who was fighting who during the Russin Civil War
The Bolsheviks(Reds) vs White Gurd(Whites)
Who was Leon Trotsky
He was second in command to Lenin for the Bolsheviks/Reds
When was the Brest Litovsk Treaty signed
March 3, 1918
