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russia Flashcards

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1
Q

What was bloody Sunday?

A

Pulitov workers had a strike and then they protested at the tsar’s white palace as a part of a larger group where they found out the tsar was not at his home. The tsar ordered guards to open fire which caused the death of 200 people and the injury of many more.

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2
Q

What did the protestors of bloody Sunday want?

A
  • an 8-hour work day
  • freedom on speech
  • an elected assembly
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3
Q

When was bloody Sunday?

A

9th January 1905

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4
Q

What was the economic growth seen under Witte called?

A

The great spurt

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5
Q

By how much (in terms of multiplication) did the iron and steel industry increase under Witte?

A

By 7x, the iron and steel industry increased

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6
Q

Under Witte, in what position was Russia in terms of coal production?

A

4th, was Russia’s rank in the world

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7
Q

Who was Lenin?

A

He was a revolutionary, who successfully overthrew the Russian government and was leader of the soviet union from 1922 to his death in 1924

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8
Q

Who was Karl Marx?

A

He was one of the producers of the ‘communist manifesto’

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9
Q

Who was the Russian leader from 1 November 1894 – 15 March 1917?

A

Nicholas II

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10
Q

Which system of government did Nicholas II believe in?

A

Autocracy

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11
Q

How many Dumas were held?

A

4

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12
Q

Who was Peter Stolypin?

A

Russian prime minister from 1906 to 1911

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13
Q

What did Peter Stolypin do?

A

he was infamous for an excessive order of executions (about 2500) through the introduction of martial law. He also introduced the peasant land bank.

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14
Q

Who was Konstantin Pobedonostsev?

A

He was Nicholas II’s tutor

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15
Q

Who was Sergei Witte?

A

He was Russian president from 1905 to 1906

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16
Q

What did Sergei Witte do?

A

He shifted economic focus to industry which he caused large improvement in, he was forced to resign in 1906 after the unsuccessful Russo-Japanese war.

17
Q

What is a war bond?

A

Government savings certificates sold during wartime to the public with a promised fixed rate of return after the war

18
Q

How many Russian casualties from World War 1, were there?

A

Around 8 million

19
Q

What happened on 9th January 1917?

A

A strike of 150,000 workers (commemorate bloody Sunday)

20
Q

What was the turning point of the march revolution?

A

The troops joined the protestors

21
Q

What did Soviet order Number 1 demonstrate?

A

The soviets overtook control of the Russian military

22
Q

What happened on the 3rd of March 1917?

A

The provincial government was formed

23
Q

What where the three steps to Nicholas’s abdication?

A
  1. Unrest in Petrograd
  2. The formation of the Petrograd soviet
  3. Pressure on the Tsar to abdicate
24
Q

Why did the provincial government struggle with domestic issues?

A

They were involved in world war 1

25
Q

Why did the provincial government struggle with domestic issues?

A

They were involved in world war 1

26
Q

What was the main negatives of Russian urbanisation?

A

Poor living and working conditions. Increase public health problems.

27
Q

What were the outcome of the 1905 revolution?

A

The October manifesto and the formation of a Duma

28
Q

Why was the Duma unpopular with those who wanted change?

A

Outside of small concessions, Nicholas didn’t bring into fruition many of the suggestions for reforms in his first Duma

29
Q

Why was the attendees of the first Duma so different from the subsequent ones?

A

Nicholas II refused many of the radical suggestions of the more liberal and radical members in the first Duma. Nicholas then proceeded to have the subsequent Dumas be filled with more like-minded people (to himself). This led to the Duma being seen to have failed at having widespread political representation.

30
Q

What was the total cost of the war for Russia?

A

3 billion

31
Q

What faction was Lenin the leader of?

A

The Bolsheviks

32
Q

What did Provisional Government argue as to why they couldn’t solve the peasant land issue?

A

They argued the issue could only be solved by an elected assembly

33
Q

What was the Cheka?

A

They were the Bolshevik’s secret police force until 1924

34
Q

Who came above the Bolsheviks in the constituent assembly election?

A

The SR

35
Q

What was the name of the Bolshevik army in the civil war?

A

The Red army

36
Q

What was the name of the opposition army in the civil war?

A

The White army

37
Q

Why did the Bolsheviks disband the constituent assembly?

A

Lenin believed the Bolsheviks would not be able to consolidate power under the constituent assembly

Russian History (2 decks)

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