Rural Urban Links 🚗

Question 1

Define rural urban continuum and explain how rural and urban areas are linked

Answer 1

Rural- sparse, low population density
Urban- built up, high population density

Continuum is a settlement hierarchy. The further up the continuum, the more services and functions.

Question 2

What is a sphere of influence? Give an example.

Answer 2

City serves residents and people in surroundings.
Strength due to transport, distance and size of urban area

I.e. Liverpool and Glyn Ceirlog

Question 3

What is counter urbanisation? Why does it happen?

Answer 3

1) housing
2) family status
3) transport
4) employment
5) social factors
6) environmental factors

Question 4

Explain patterns of commuting and why counter urbanisation happens

Answer 4

Patterns of committing inc bc rural urban migration.
Increased because of cheaper houses, better transport, and better jobs .
Decreased because of Internet (COVID), phones
Ie Cardiff

Question 5

What issues and counter urbanisation cause?

Answer 5

• increase house prices
• decrease in tradition
• loss of identity
• pollution
• pressure on rural schools
• COMMUTER VILLAGE

Question 6

What impact does technology have on service provision?

Answer 6

1) increase in online services = dec jobs
2) work from home = more c.u.
3) inc tertiary jobs
4) removal of bus stops + less money in infrastructure

Question 7

What impact do spheres of influence have on service provision?

Answer 7

1) inc house prices bc more ppl live there
2) closure of rural shops = unemployment
3) inc 2nd homes

Question 8

Describe the cycle of deprivation, and therefore, depopulation

Answer 8

Too few jobs, rural urban migration, decrease in population, reduced demand for shops, fewer jobs

Question 9

How can a sustainable community be created?

Answer 9

1) reliable and frequent transport
2) availability of jobs
3) internet
4) education
5) healthcare
6) services
7) green technologies

Question 10

What social factors lead to population change

Answer 10

1) healthcare (inc l.i. And low i.m)
2) marriage later
3) culture 30s
4) ageing pop

Question 11

What economical factors lead to pop change?

Answer 11

1) COST OF LIVING => raising a fam
2) Maternity pay
3) career

Question 12

What political factors lead to population change

Answer 12

1) contraception
2) maternity rights
3) migration
4) vaccination

Question 13

What is factors have led to increased migration into and within the UK

Answer 13

INTO- stable political system, good healthcare, availability of jobs => inc income, connections
WITHIN- lifestyle change, cost of housing, work, fam

Question 14

Describe the impact of migration has on the UK

Answer 14

More tax, increase population, unskilled jobs filled, culture, prices increase

Question 15

Describe the challenges of an ageing population

Answer 15

ECO- pension, less tax, dep on state
HEALTH- greater STRAIN ON NHS, more health issues
SOCIAL- isolation, houses filled, m âge look after

Question 16

Why is more housing so vital in the UK?

Answer 16

1) ageing population
2) migration
3) inc in house prices due to shortage

GOV GOALS- 240,000 / annum

Question 17

What is a brownfield site? Give advantages and disadvantages with an example

Answer 17

BFS- an area for re development previously built on.
A- not destroy c, re- urbanisation, make pretty
D- cont grnd
IE London docks. LDDC, homes, 700 (HSBC). Cpd, targ foreigners, 3500 sh

Question 18

What is a greenfield site? State, advantages and disadvantages and give an example.

Answer 18

GFS- an area of land that hasn’t been used before
A- cheap, no restrict
D- habitats, spoil app, green belts, urb inc
IE- Oxford green belt, O needs 30,000 homes for 2030

Question 19

What factors have lead to a change in retailing in the UK
Give eco, cult and tech

Answer 19

ECO- home deliveries, shops forced out of centres, cheap/ expensive parking
CULT- car dependency, bulk buys, COVID, veg + red waste
TECH- inc in soph internet shopping, online retailers, broadband, onl banking

Question 20

State, advantages and disadvantages of out of town shopping centres

Answer 20

A- less expensive parking, reduced congestion in urban areas, larger stores => wider variety of goods, accessible, expansion, scenic
D- dec high streets, cong sur, not support ins stores, land use conflict, inaccessible

Question 21

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping

Answer 21

A- conv, fast, cheaper, range, anytime, congestion reduced, jobs in delivery
D- inaccessible, diff return, closure of shops, fraud, jobs inc cong, reduces need for workers in shops

Question 22

What has lead to change in high street towns and cities? Give an example.

Answer 22

• decline of high street due to increased out of town shopping. Changing to tempt shoppers back:
  Ie LANCASTER
• new paving
• street furniture
• signs
• bike tracks
• day market

Question 23

What is the distribution of urbanisation like across the globe (where are large cities primarily located)

Answer 23

Primarily in Asia:
Ie
Tokyo- 40.8 million
Dehli- 33 million
Shanghai- 28 million

Question 24

Why are Global cities important?

Answer 24

1) finance and trade
2) governance
3) diversity
4) media
5) cultural centres
6) innovation

Question 25

What factors drive globalisation?

Answer 25

Globalisation is driven in four main ways:
- finance and trade
- diversity and culture
- multi National companies
- ideas and communication

Question 26

Explain about prev four categories:

Answer 26

1) TRADE- diff products worldwide- av uk person 100 bananas a year, credit cards used everywhere asf A- larger range materials D- food miles, exploitation
2) CULTURE- attract tourists due to media IE BOLLYWOOD, 54 X factor. A- diversify society D- loose trad and culture

Question 27

Explain prev four categories prt 2:

Answer 27

MNCS- Nike, Coca Cola, tata steel, etc. 118 McDonalds. A- inc opp, driv employment D- exploitation in LICS
IDEAS & COMMUNICATION- share ideas and come together, flight radar, 4.6 billion mobile phones. A- connected world, awareness D- not everyone has access, no switch off and privacy, too much money

Question 28

Why do the patterns of global cities change over time?

Answer 28

Developing NICs, changes in technology and need for transport links

If do not change, may loose status

Question 29

How are MNCs connected to the world?

Answer 29

1) transport: ie Mumbai has Mumbai harbour and chhatrapi shivaji city airport - 45 million ppl 2019
2) internet: broadband connection
3) media: Bollywood
4) trade: Tata steel