rural development

Question 1

what is rural development?

Answer 1

it refers to comprehensive socio economic project attempting to improve all aspects of rural life.

Question 2

name some challenges of rural development.

Answer 2

1. development of human resources
2. land reforms
3. development of infrastructure
4. elimination of poverty
5. development of productive resources of each economy.

Question 3

what does development of human resources focus on?

Answer 3

1. , female literacy , education and skill development.

2. sanitation and public health

Question 4

what are land reforms required for?

Answer 4

1. improvement in agricultural productivity
2. abolition of intermediaries
3. protection of the rights of the tiller of the soil.
4. eliminating the exploitation of cultivators

Question 5

infrastructure development refers to development of ?

Answer 5

1. electricity, irrigation, transportation facility.
2. credit marketing, financial assistance
3. facilities for agricultural research and extension
4. information dissemination

Question 6

what measures should be taken to develop rural india?

Answer 6

1. special measures for elevation of poverty must be undertaken.
2. efforts should be made to bring significant change in the living conditions of the weaker sections of the society.
3. access to productive employment opportunities.

Question 7

what is rural credit ?

Answer 7

it refers to credit for the farmers in rural areas.

Question 8

what are the two classifications of rural credit?

Answer 8

1. according to time

2. according to purpose

Question 9

how many types of credits are there according to time?

Answer 9

1. short-term
2. medium-term
3. long-term

Question 10

what is short-term credit?

Answer 10

purpose- meet short term needs

duration: 6 months-12/15 months

requirement- to buy seeds, tools, manures, fertilisers, etc.

Question 11

what is medium-term credit?

Answer 11

purpose- meet medium term needs

duration: 12/15 months- 5 years

requirement- to buy machinery, equipments, digging walls, constructing cattle sheds, etc.

Question 12

what is long-term credit?

Answer 12

purpose- meet long term needs

duration: 5 years-20 years

requirement- to buy assets like tractors, land, heavy machines, equipments, etc.

Question 13

how many types of credits are there according to purpose?

Answer 13

1. productive purpose

2. unproductive purpose

Question 14

what are productive purposes?

Answer 14

purpose- enhance agricultural productions.

requirement- purchase of inputs

Question 15

what are unproductive purposes?

Answer 15

purpose- to meet social obligations that do not enhance agricultural productivity.

requirement- exp on ceremonies or personal expenses.

Question 16

what are the 2 sources of rural credit?

Answer 16

1. non- institutional

2. institutional

Question 17

name some sources of non-institutional sources of rural credit

Answer 17

1. money lenders
2. landlords
3. friends and relatives
4. commission agents
5. traders

Question 18

non-institutional sources accounted for ___% of total borrowings of farmers in the beginning of the first 5-year plan.

Answer 18

93

Question 19

when did nationalisation of commercial banks occur?

Answer 19

1969

Question 20

name some important institutional sources of rural credit.

Answer 20

1. cooperative credit societies

2. state bank of india and other commercial banks