running notes 33-40

Question 1

Counterargument

Answer 1

An argument or set of reasons put forward to oppose an idea or theory developed in another argument.

Question 2

Claim

Answer 2

the action of giving an argument to support a position

Question 3

Evidence

Answer 3

Literary device that appears in different categories of essays and theses in the form or paraphrase and quotations. It is presented to persuade the readers and used with powerful arguments in the texts or essays.

Question 4

Warrant

Answer 4

The glue that holds an argument together. It links the evidence to the claim. It is presented in the form of “This evidence supports the claim because..” and is always in that form. It is more of a statement of support “why” your evidence supports your claim.

Question 5

Fallacy

Answer 5

Erroneous argument dependent upon an unsound or illogical contention.

Question 6

Logical fallacy

Answer 6

A formal fallacy is a pattern of reasoning/thinking rendered invalid by a flaw in its logical structure that can neatly be expressed in a standard logic system, for example propositional logic. An argument that is formally fallacious is always considered wrong.

Question 7

Prophecy

Answer 7

Has all the elements of a prediction except the element of time. A prophecy has more of a religious connotation since there is an element of uncertainty about time.

Question 8

Prediction

Answer 8

Forecast made by those who calculate the perimeters of the subject involved after evaluating the odds they can predict a future. A “prediction” is limited to a time element, unlike prophecy.