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Management of Sports Injuries > Running > Flashcards

Running Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

What causes running related injuries?

A
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2
Q

What is the largest established risk factor for sustaining a running-related injury?

A

a previous injury, regardless of injury type

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3
Q

What are some common running injuries? (7)

A

●Iliotibial band syndrome 10%

●Patellar tendinopathy 12%

●Patellofemoral pain syndrome 6%

●Medial tibial stress syndrome 10%

●Ankle or foot bone stress injuries (varies for specific bones)

●Achilles tendinopathy 6-9%

●Plantar fasciopathy 5-18%

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4
Q

How should ITB Syndrome be managed in runners?

A
  1. PRE, gait mechanics, increased cadence
  2. Avoiding hills
  3. Symptom based approach
  4. Return to sport at 50% volume
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5
Q

How should Patellar Tendinopathy be managed in runners?

A
  1. Load management
  2. Symptom based approach 0-3 4-6 7-10
  3. Progressive tendon loading
  4. Contraction type matters…?
  5. Taping/straps
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6
Q

How should Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome be managed in runners?

A
  1. Load management
  2. Hip and quad strengthening
  3. Running mechanics
  4. Taping
  5. Assess, Don’t Guess
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7
Q

Where would a Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS) be palpable?

A

the distal ⅔ of tibia with a palpable tenderness >5 cm long

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8
Q

Where would a Bone Stress Injury (BSI) be palpable?

A

focal tenderness on the bone (occurs after sharp and severe acute pain during workout)

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9
Q

How should “shin splints” be managed in runners?

A
  1. Relative rest
  2. Pain with activity limited to <2/10
  3. Months until running is minimally painful
  4. Manual therapy, foot taping, intrinsics?
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10
Q

How should a bone stress injury be managed in runners?

A
  1. Decreased weight bearing (pain free)
  2. Progressions must be pain free during and 24 hours following
  3. Non-impact exercise (maybe)
  4. Refer to nutritionist if needed
  5. Educate: risks, prevention, expectations
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11
Q

How should Achilles Tendinopathy be managed in runners?

A
  1. Load management & PRE
  2. Orthotics & heel lifts
  3. Chronic: Participate with ≤5/10 pain
  4. Does not increase risk of rupture
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12
Q

How should Plantar Fasciopathy be managed in runners?

A
  1. Plantar fascia and calf stretching (Acute)
  2. Anti-pronation taping (Acute)
  3. STM to calf trigger points
  4. Off-the-shelf orthotics (3 months)
  5. Night splints
  6. High-load strengthening à heel raises + progression
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13
Q

The [vertical/AP/ML] ground reaction force is the largest in magnitude.

A

vertical

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14
Q

Where does the vertical ground reaction force peak during running?

A

midstance (2.5x body weight)

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15
Q

The braking impulse is [initial contact-midstance/midstance-toeoff].

A

initial contact - midstance

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16
Q

The propulsive impulse is [initial contact-midstance/midstance-toeoff].

A

midstance - toeoff

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17
Q

Which ground reaction force is smallest in amplitude and also most variable?

A

medial/lateral ground reaction force

18
Q

The active peak of the vertical ground reaction force occurs when the COM is at its [lowest/highest].

A

lowest

19
Q

Are contact forces greatest during the impact peak or active peak of the vertical ground reaction force?

A

active peak

20
Q

Joint moments and powers peak at or around [initial contact/midstance]

A

midstance

21
Q

When does the vertical impact peak increase? (3)

A

(1) running downhill
(2) slower cadence
(3) pronounced heel-strike pattern

22
Q

The majority of angular excursion and power occurs in what plane of motion during running?

A

sagittal plane

23
Q

When should you assess a runners form? (2)

A

(1) recurrent injuries potentially related to mechanics + training errors
(2) athlete seeking advice related to performance and running efficiency

24
Q

What should you be observing for in the frontal plan of running analysis? (5)

A
  1. Joint center alignment
  2. Pelvic lateral tilt
  3. Proximity of knee joints
  4. Medial-lateral foot placement
  5. Toe-out
25
Q

What joint center does “joint center alignment” in the frontal plane observe?

A

the knee’s joint center!

identifies either dynamic valgus (medial) or varus (lateral) alignment

26
Q

If a runner has excessive pelvic lateral tilt, what also may be occurring at their knees?

A

dynamic knee valgus

27
Q

What is a secondary measure of joint center alignment and pelvic lateral tilt?

A

proximity of knee joints

28
Q

What can cross over during running increase strain on? (3)

A

lateral hip, lateral thigh, and medial distal tibia

29
Q

What does medial-lateral foot placement indicate?

A

if there is any amount of cross over/location of the foot with respect to the whole body’s line of gravity

30
Q

What would excessive toe-out indicate? (3)

A

(1) hip capsule or muscle tightness
(2) acetabular and femoral eversion
(3) knee/tibial eversion

31
Q

What is observed in the sagittal plane during running analysis? (2)

A

(1) initial contact
(2) midstance and midflight

32
Q

What can measurement of the foot strike angle indicate?

A

foot strike pattern (i.e. heel, midfoot, or forefoot)

33
Q

The A-P foot placement is directly associated with the [braking impulse/propulsive impulse].

A

braking impulse

34
Q

If there is a greater distance between the foot and the body’s line of gravity, do the have a [lesser/greater] braking impulse?

A

greater

35
Q

What is the ideal knee flexion angle at initial contact?

A

15-20 degrees

36
Q

If at initial contact, the knee is more extended than expected, what is occurring? (2)

A

(1) overstriding
(2) aggressive heel-strike pattern

37
Q

Between midstance and midflight, which is the highest and lowest points for COM vertical excursion?

A

midstance = lowest

midflight = highest

38
Q

What is happening if there is a large excursion in vertical COM? (2)

A

(1) increase in active peak of vertical GRF
(2) increase in metabolic cost

39
Q

What would a 5-10% increase from preferred step rate lead to? (3)

A

Reduced:

(1) peak vertical ground reaction force
(2) loading rate
(3) braking impulse

40
Q

What would less heel strike do? (1)

A

Reduce braking impulse

Management of Sports Injuries (5 decks)

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