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GOV 4a The Supreme Court > Rulings > Flashcards

Rulings Flashcards

1
Q

What happened in Marbury v Madison and when was it?

A

SCOTUS gave themselves the power of judicial review, they can strike down federal laws if deemed unconstitutional

1803

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2
Q

What happened in Fletcher v Peck?

A

1810

The Supreme Court extended the scope of judicial review and assumed right to take on the constitutionality of state laws too.

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3
Q

What happened in McCulloch v Maryland?

A

1819

Stated that the government had implied powers

The govt could set up a national bank

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4
Q

What happened in Gitlow v New York?

A

1925

States as well as Federal govt must respect the first amendment.

The adoption of the incorporation doctrine

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5
Q

What happened in Youngstown steel and Tube company v Sawyer?

A

1952

The President (Truman)s powers as commander in chief did not extend to large scale confiscation of property of steel for Korea war effort.

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6
Q

What happened in Brown v Board of Education, Topeka?

A

1954 Warren Court

Black people can go to white schools and Vice Versa. Ended de jure segregation

Segregation is unconstitutional! Change of zeitgeist, overturns Plessey v Ferguson

Segregation actually didn’t end until the 1964 Civil rights act. Not enforced

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7
Q

What happened in Miranda v Arizona?

A

1966

Criminal suspects must be advised of their rights. Evidence without Miranda rights is inadmissible

Warren court

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8
Q

What happened in Furman v Georgia?

A

1972 Burger

By a 5-4 majority the court stuck down all existing death penalty laws.

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9
Q

What happened in Roe v. Wade?

A

1973 Burger

Abortion is a constitutional right

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10
Q

What happened in Engel v Vitale?

A

1962 Warren Court

Outlawed prayer in public school

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11
Q

What happened in Gideon v Wainwright?

A

1963 Warren Court

Have the right to a free lawyer

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12
Q

What happened in Swann v Charlotte Mecklenburg Board of Education?

A

1971 Burger

Addressed de facto segregation and made the bussing of students across cities happen to address this issue

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13
Q

What happened in Greg v Georgia?

A

1976 Burger

Overruled Furman v Georgia (1972) and reinstated the death penalty

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14
Q

What happened in University of California Regents v Bakke?

A

1978 Burger

Only allowed affirmative action in very limited circumstances, reigned in AA. Court not fully upholding protection of minority groups

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15
Q

What happened in Argostini v Felton?

A

1997 Rehnquist

Allowed federally funded schoolteachers to provide remedial assistance to those in church run private schools.

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16
Q

What happened in Bush v Gore?

A

2000 Rehnquist

After the bitter dispute of Florida votes the Supreme Court essentially gave the election to Bush

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17
Q

What happened in Clinton v Jones?

A

1997 Rehnquist

The President can not be protected from civil actions bought by other citizens.

Paula Jones could then seek damages from Clinton who she alleged had sexually harassed her.

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18
Q

What happened in Clinton v New York?

A

1998

Struck down the line item veto

President had been able to delete individual items of expenditure from bills

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19
Q

What happened in Kansas v Hendricks?

A

1997 Rehnquist

Permitted states to pass laws requiring the confinement of sex offenders in mental hospitals after they had served imprisonment

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20
Q

What happened in Lee v Weisman?

A

1992 Rehnquist

Prayers at high school graduation ceremony is unconstitutional

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21
Q

What happened in Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v Casey?

A

1992 Rehnquist

Allowed 24 hour wait on abortions and parental permission laws for those underage

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22
Q

What happened in Texas v Johnson?

A

1989 Rehnquist

Freedom to burn the flag under fist amendment and a constitutional right

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23
Q

What happened in Washington v Gluksburg?

A

1997 Rehnquist

Allowed states to decide their assisted suicide laws

Oregon has assisted suicide laws now

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24
Q

What happened in Webster v Reproductive Health Services?

A

1989 Rehnquist

Can not use public facilities or employees in abortion.

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25
Q

What happened in Snyder v Phelps?

A

The Westborough baptist church is allowed to picket military funerals due to first amendment rights

2011 Roberts

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26
Q

What happened in Walmart v Dukes?

A

Roberts court refused to hear this big case of sex discrimination

27
Q

What happened in Shelby County v Holder?

A

Struck down section 5 of the 1965 voting rights act

Stopped pre clearance, something that printed racial equality in voting

2013 Roberts

28
Q

What happened in United States v Windsor?

A

2013 Roberts

Struck down DOMA (defence of marriage act)

Gay couples therefore allowed tax breaks the same as straight couples are

29
Q

What happened in Hollingsworth v Perry?

A

It wasn’t heard

It was a case to limit same sex marriage

A step forward for gay rights

30
Q

What happened in Obergefell v Hodges?

A

2015 Roberts

Allows same sex marriage, struck down DOMA

31
Q

What happened in King v Burwell?

A

2015 Roberts

Upheld obamacare insurance subsidy

32
Q

What happened in Fisher v. University of Texas?

A

2016 Roberts

Upheld universities affirmative action programme

33
Q

What happened in US v. Texas?

A

Struck down Obama’s immigration reform

A limitation on the presidents power

34
Q

What happened in whole woman’s health v Hellerstedt?

A

2016 Roberts

The court make Texas make it easier to access abortion.

35
Q

What happened in Trump v International Refuge Assistance Project?

A

2017 Roberts

First time struck down and later upheld when make to include North Korea

36
Q

What happened in Fry v Napoleon Community School?

A

2017 Roberts

Confirmed right for girl to have assistance dog with her through the whole school day

37
Q

What happened in DC v Heller?

A

2008 Roberts

Upheld the right of the people to own guns personally. Arguably a loose constructionist reading ‘militia’

NRA influence

questioned by the idea of a right to safety

38
Q

What happened in Pollock v Farmers loan and trust company?

A

1895

Said the government couldn’t impose a federal income tax

16th amendment changes this

39
Q

What happened in Hamdan v Rumsfeld?

A

2006 Roberts

Guantanamo bay is unconstitutional as rights in the constitution apply to all citizens on overseas US territories and therefore military tribunals are wrong.

Limiting power of GWB

40
Q

What happened in Bowers v Hardwick?

A

1986

Upheld a law that made consensual gay sex illegal

41
Q

What happened in Lawrence v Texas?

A

2003 Rehnquist

Overturned Bowers v Hardwick

Gay consensual sex not illegal

42
Q

What happened in Plessey v Ferguson?

A

1896

Upheld racial segregation, on a separate but equal basis

Overturn by Brown v the Board 1954

43
Q

What happened in Korematsu v US?

A

1944

Upheld executive order that put Japanese citizens into internment camps, the court did not strike this down despite being a clear breech of rights

44
Q

What happened in Dred Scott v Sandford?

A

1857

Black people could not be citizens, slaves were not protected under the constitution

45
Q

What happened in NFIB v Sebelius?

A

2012 Roberts

Upheld obamacare

states can not be compelled to accept federally funded medicare expension in Obamacare

this was 5-4 but Roberts tipped the balance, we cannot clearly label justices conservative or liberal

46
Q

What happened in Burwell v Hobby Lobby?

A

2014 Roberts

Corporations don’t have to cover contraception for employees for religious reasons. This mandate was part of the ACA

47
Q

What happened in Citizens v FEC? (Federal election commission)

A

2010 Roberts

Said that you couldn’t limit spending of business in elections as this is a first amendment right. Extended this right to corporations.

48
Q

What happened in Gonzales v Oregon?

A

2006 Roberts

Upheld the states right to decide to assisted suicide

Oregon could keep their assisted suicide laws

49
Q

What happened in Brown v Entertainment Merchants Association?

A

2011 Roberts

Struck down a law banning sale of certain video games to under 18s

50
Q

What happened in Maryland v King?

A

2013 Roberts

Can use DNA in criminal investigations, not an unreasonable search or seizure

interesting that the normal liberal Breyer voted with the majority and the ‘conservative Scalia was in minority

51
Q

What happened in Buckley v Valeo?

A

1976 Burger

Linked money to free speech

52
Q

What happened in Lopez v US?

A

1995

Struck down gun free zones around schools

53
Q

What happened in Nixon v US?

A

1974

Ruled Nixon had to hand White House tapes over

54
Q

What happened in Baze v. Rees?

A

2008 Roberts

Lethal injection does not violate 8th amendment

55
Q

What happened in league of American citizens v.Perry?

A

Gerrymandering deemed legal

2006 Roberts

56
Q

What happened in Gonzales v Raich 2005?

A

Even if state laws allow use of medical marijuana, the UC congress can still deem it illegal and criminalise its growth and use

57
Q

What happened in ACLU v Clapper? 2015

A

Dismissed

Patriot Act collection of communications metadata does not violate the fourth amendment right against u reasonable searches and seizures.

58
Q

What happened in US v Morrison? 2000

A

The court struck down a violence against women act as this legislation should have been left to the states under amendment 10

59
Q

what happened in Washington v Glucksburg? 1997

A

assisted suicide Is not a constitutional right, left to states to decide

60
Q

What happened in Us v Texas 2016?

A

blocked DAPA, immigration for parents

61
Q

What happened in Reno v ACLU?

A

struck down communications decency act under the first amendment 1997, upheld freedom of the press

62
Q

What happened in Dimaya v Sessions?

A

Gorsuch voted with the liberals against Trump’s position

Justices are interpreters of the constitution, not politicians lapdogs

63
Q

Why is the Patriot Act unconstitutional?

A

wire tapping and electronic surveilance, a clear breech of ‘unreasonable searches and seizures’ and the ‘right to privacy’

64
Q

What was Gonzales v Carhart? 2007

A

Upheld partial birth abortion ban

GOV 4a The Supreme Court (5 decks)

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