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Air Law > Rules of the Air > Flashcards

Rules of the Air Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 5 general rules to avoid collisions?

A

Don’t fly close, don’t fly in formation, flying machine towing a glider is considered as 1 aircraft, avoid passing over, under or ahead unless well clear, on right right - in the right

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2
Q

What is the order of priority in the air?

A
  1. Ballons 2. Gliders 3. Airships 4. Flying Machines
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3
Q

What are the converging rules?

A

On the right - in the right, each craft must turn right when approaching head on, the aircraft being overtaken has right of way.

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4
Q

When at an aerodrome, aircraft must make all turnings to which direction?

A

Left

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5
Q

What are the rules associated with landing order?

A

Landing aircraft has right of way unless: ATC given order of priority or an emergency landing is taking place.

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6
Q

What are the rules associated with runways?

A

Take off and landings must follow directions from ground signals - 1 aircraft may land at any one time.

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7
Q

What rules apply during landing and take off?

A

Aircraft taking off must leave on its left an aircraft which has taken off, aircraft landing must leave landed aircraft on the left, aircraft must depart landing area asap and turn left

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8
Q

What is the priority order on the ground?

A
  1. Aircraft taking off/landing 2. Vehicles towing aircraft 3. Aircraft 4. Vehicles
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9
Q

When can aerobatics be flown?

A

Controlled airspace with permission from ATC - not over congested areas. Transponder should be set to 7004.

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10
Q

When following a groundline feature, the feature must be kept on which side?

A

Left

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11
Q

In order for an aircraft to fly IFR, what conditions must be met?

A

Dual controls, safety pilot in control seat, competent observer if safety pilot doesn’t have complete field of vision.

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12
Q

What are the rules surrounding low flying?

A

Must be flown high enough in order to make safe emergency landing

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13
Q

What is VFR?

A

Visual flight rules - controlling, navigating and avoiding looking out the window.

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14
Q

What must be met in order to fly VFR?

A

VMC - visual meteorological conditions - equal to or better than specified minim.

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15
Q

To indicate distress, what signals must be given?

A

Radio ‘mayday’, signal SOS in red lights, sound signal SOS

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16
Q

To give notice of difficulties, what signals must be given?

A

White pyrotechnic lights, turn on and off landing lights, turn on and off navigation lights

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17
Q

To give notice of urgency, what signals must be given?

A

Radio ‘pan pan’, visually signal XXX, sound signal XXX

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18
Q

What codes can be used on the transponder?

A

7700 - distress, 7600 - radio communication failure, 7500 - unlawful interference

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19
Q

What does TORA stand for?

A

Take off runway available

20
Q

What does LDA stand for?

A

Landing distance available

21
Q

What does stopway stand for?

A

Ground beyond TORA for emergency stop

22
Q

What does clearway stand for?

A

Area beyond TORA which is free from obstacles

23
Q

What does ASDA stand for?

A

Accelerated-stop distance available - TORA + stopway

24
Q

What does TODA stand for?

A

Take-off distance available - TORA + clearway

25
Q

What are the 5 terms used to describe runway conditions?

A

Dry, damp, wet, water patches, flooded

26
Q

What are the 3 types of aerodromes?

A

Government, Licensed (minimum equipment standards and rescue + fire services), unlicensed

27
Q

What are the dimensions of aerodrome traffic zones that surround aerodromes?

A

2000ft vertically, 2nm horizontally

28
Q

What are the 2 aviation fuel types?

A

AV GAS, JET A-1

29
Q

When are ATC permitted to close an airfield?

A

Landing area unfit, closure publicised by NOTAM or AIP, essential facilities failure

30
Q

What is UIR?

A

Upper Information Region - above FL245

31
Q

What is FIR?

A

Flight Information Region - below FL245

32
Q

What is the different classes of airspace?

A

A, B, C, D, E, F and G

33
Q

What are the rules in class A and VFR requirements?

A

Most restrictive - all flights subject to ATC control. VFR not permitted

34
Q

What are the rules in class B and VFR requirements?

A

Less restrictive than A, above FL100: 8km visibility, clear of cloud. Below FL100: 5km visibility, clear of cloud.

35
Q

What are the rules in class C and VFR requirements?

A

Same VFR as class D, IFR & VFR flight - subject to ATC service, IFR only receive info about other IFR flights and vise-versa

36
Q

What are the rules in class D and VFR requirements?

A

Above FL100: 8km vis, 1500m horizontal, 1000ft vertically. Below FL100: 5km, 1500m h, 1000ft v. Aircraft flying at 140knots: 5km vis, clear of cloud. VFR rules the same as class C

37
Q

What are the rules in class E and VFR requirements?

A

Same as class D. IFR & VFR - IFR subject to ATC, all flights receive all info

38
Q

What are the rules in class F and VFR requirements?

A

Same as class G. IFR & VFR - IFR receive air traffic advisory service. Flight info received if requested

39
Q

What are the rules in class G and VFR requirements?

A

Above FL100: 8km vis, 1500m horizontal, 1000ft vertically. Below FL100: 5km, 1500m h, 1000ft v. Flying below 3000ft: 5km vis, clear of cloud. IFR & VFR flight. Flight info available on request

40
Q

Who is responsible for deciding whether a flight is VMC or IMC?

A

Pilot

41
Q

What is IMC expressed in terms of?

A

Visibility - distance from cloud to ceiling

42
Q

What are the 2 rules related to IFR flight?

A

Minimum height rule and quadrantal and semi-circular rule

43
Q

What does the minimum height rule state?

A

Aircraft must fly 1000ft above the highest fixed obstacle within 5nm unless authorised or necessary for landing/take-off

44
Q

What is the quadrantal rule?

A

When flying IFR above the transitional altitude, must select a cruising altitude (below 19500ft)

45
Q

What is special VFR?

A

Pilot can fly VFR in a class A zone without complying with full IFR requirements - available when requested 10 minutes before entering the zone

Air Law (3 decks)

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