Rules of Basketball Flashcards
Teams:
two teams of five players with unlimited substitutions.
Officials:
two or three officials control the game.
Duration:
4 quarters of 12 minutes each (professional); four quarters of 8 minutes each (high school). 2 halves of 20 minutes for college, university and FIBA. Game clock stopped between quarters or halves, during time outs, when the ball goes out of bounds and when free throws are attempted.
Playing the ball
The objective of each team is to score by putting a ball into the basket and preventing the other team from doing so. Ball can be advanced by passing with hands or dribbling the ball with one hand.
Scoring
a goal from the field beyond the 3-point line counts as 3 points, any other field goal counts as 2 points, and a free throw counts 1 point.
Starting the game
Begins with a jump ball at center court
History of game
- Invented in December 1891 by Dr. James Naismith (a faculty member at the International YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts).
- Developed when his boss, Dr. Luther Gullick, asked Naismith to devise an athletic and competitive game like football or lacrosse that could be played indoors during cold winter months.
- Naismith did not want players running with the ball indoors; therefore, he decided to have a large light ball that would be handled with the hands.
- Naismith attached a wooden peach basket at the balcony of each end of the gym so the ball could be thrown in as a goal to the game.
Point Guard
Best ball handler
Shooting Guard
Best outside shooter
Small Forward
Versatile inside and outside player
Power forward
Strong rebounding forward
Center
inside scorer, rebounder and shot blocker
Dribbling
Bouncing ball off floor using fiingerpads more than once
Passing
Moving the ball from player to player by throwing, bouncing or batting the ball
Shooting
Throwing the ball in an attempt to make a basket
Pivoting
Planting one foot at its point of contact(pivot foot) and stepping one or more times in any direction with the other foot
Defending
Defending your individual match up, defending as a team, helping, closing out, blocking or altering shots, tipping or stealing the ball
Moving without the ball
Getting open; moving into open space
Fouls
Called by officials so teams do not gain an advantage through rough play. Commit five fouls; you are disqualified from the game ( six in the NBA). Foul an opponent who is in the act of shooting, the opponent is awarded two free throws. Foul an opponent when they are not shooting, the opponent is awarded the ball out of bounds. Team commits more than a specified amount of fouls in a quarter or a half, opposing team is allowed to shoot bonus free throws for non-shooting fouls.
Types of fouls
- Holding
- Pushing
- Charging: Running into or pushing a stationary defender
- Illegal contact
- Tripping
- Using your hands on an opponent(that inhibits the freedom of movement of the opponent)
- Extending arms to hinder opponent
- Illegal screen(moving while setting a screen)
Ball Handling Violations
- Out of bounds. The ball or player in contact with the ball comes in contact with the sideline and/or baseline.
- Over and Back: causing the ball to return to the backcourt after it has crossed into the front court without the defense touching it
- Traveling: taking more than one step before the start of a dribble, or taking two or more steps before releasing a pass or shot
- Double Dribble: resuming a dribble after having stopping dribbling or dribbling with both hands simultaneously.
- Kickball. Making contact with the ball with your foot or leg while making a motion.
Time Violations
- 5 seconds to inbound.
- 8 seconds to get the ball across the midcourt line.
- 3 seconds to be in the free throw lane as offense without a member of your team shooting.
- 5 seconds to shoot a free throw ( 10 seconds in the NBA).
- Shot clock violations. Offence must shoot the ball and hit the rim within 24, 30 or 35 seconds of receiving the ball from an inbounds or rebound.
