Rules for forming Commands

Question 1

What are the rules for forming affirmative tú commands

Answer 1

A regular affirmative tú command is formed by:

Dropping the ‘s’ from second person singular
Hablas > ¡Habla!
Comes > ¡Come!
Vives > ¡Vive!

Question 2

What are the rules for forming negative tú commands

Answer 2

A regular negative tú command is formed by:

Dropping the ‘o’ from first person singular and adding:
‘es’ for ‘ar’ verbs and
‘as’ for ‘er’ or ‘ir’ verbs

Question 3

Orthographic changes for negative tú commands

Answer 3

Before the letter ‘e’ changes as follows:
‘c’ > ‘qu’
toco > toces > toques
‘g’ > ‘gu’
juego > jueges > juegues
‘z’ > ‘c’
comienzo >comienzes > comiences

Question 4

What are the rules for forming affirmative and negative usted/ustedes commands

Answer 4

A regular positive or negative usted command is formed by:

Dropping the ‘o’ from first person singular and adding:
‘e’ for ‘ar’ verbs and
‘a’ for ‘er’ or ‘ir’ verbs

For the ustedes command:

Dropping the ‘o’ from first person singular and adding:
‘en’ for ‘ar’ verbs and
‘an’ for ‘er’ or ‘ir’ verbs

Question 5

Rules for using object pronouns with positive commands

Answer 5

For positive tu and usted/ustedes commands, object pronouns are attached directly to the end of the command in the RID manner

    ¡Estudialo! - Study it
    ¡Tráemelo! - Bring it to me

Note that original stress pattern is retained for pronunciation. If the addition of object pronoun(s) will
change the stress, a written accent is added so stress remains on originally stressed syllable:

   Habla > ¡Habla! > ¡Háblame
   Come > ¡Come! > ¡Comelo!

For positive non reflexive verb nosotros commands, object pronouns are attached directly to the end of the command in the RID manner

   Digamos la verdad > Digámosla
   Crucemos la calle > Crucémosla

For positive reflexive verb nosotros commands, the vinal -s is droped and object pronouns are attached directly to the end in the RID manner

   Digamos la verdad > Digámosla
   Crucemos la calle > Crucémosla

  Vamos is used instead of Vayamos 
  as the only special case

Question 6

Rules for using object pronouns with negative commands

Answer 6

With a negative command, the object pronoun(s) precede the command form:

   ¡No me mires!
   ¡No se lo digas!

Question 7

What are the rules for forming affirmative and negative nosotros commands

Answer 7

A regular positive or negative nosotros command is formed by:

Dropping the ‘o’ from first person singular and adding:
‘emos’ for ‘ar’ verbs and
‘amos’ for ‘er’ or ‘ir’ verbs