rules

Question 1

rule 1 - Application

Answer 1

This rule states that the “rules of the road” apply to all vessels at sea and in waters directly connected to the sea, such as rivers and harbors.

Countries can establish their own regulations for waters within their territory, but these must be based on international rules.

Question 2

Rule 2 - Responsibility

Answer 2

In this rule it is stipulated that good seamanship comes above all and that this is the most important factor to a safe navigation.

In some extra ordinary cases it can be necessary not to follow the rules but always act regarding good seamanship

Question 3

Rule 3 - General Definitions

Answer 3

This rule provides definitions for terms used in the “rules of the road”:

Question 4

rule 3

vessel

Answer 4

A craft used for transportation on water, including seaplanes when landing on water. It must be designed for waterborne transport, regardless of size.

Question 5

r 3

Power-driven vessel

Answer 5

A vessel propelled by machinery, such as an outboard or inboard engine.

Question 6

sailling vessel

Answer 6

A vessel considered a sailing vessel only when the engine is not in operation. If the engine is running, even idling, it is considered a power-driven vessel.

Question 7

Vessel engaged in fishing

Answer 7

A vessel whose fishing gear restricts its ability to maneuver

Question 8

Seaplane

Answer 8

Any aircraft designed to maneuver on water.

Question 9

vessel not under command

Answer 9

A vessel unable to maneuver and avoid collisions due to unavoidable circumstances, such as engine breakdown or steering failure.

Question 10

Vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver

Answer 10

A vessel unable to maneuver as required by the rules due to the nature of her work, such as dredging or laying buoys.

Question 11

Vessel constrained by her draught

Answer 11

: A power-driven vessel restricted in her course due to her draught in relation to the available water depth and width.

Question 12

Vessel underway

Answer 12

Vessel underway: A vessel that is not anchored, made fast to shore, or aground.

Question 13

Length and breadth of a vessel

Answer 13

The maximum length and breadth of the vessel.

Question 14

Vessels in sight of each other

Answer 14

When vessels can see each other visually (not by radar or AIS), even with binoculars.

Question 15

Restricted visibility

Answer 15

When visibility is reduced due to fog, mist, snow, rain, sandstorms, or similar conditions.

Question 16

Wing in Ground (WIG) craft

Answer 16

A craft that flies close to the water’s surface, moving just above sea level at high speed.

Question 17

Rule 4 - Application

Answer 17

This rule states that the rules in Section I apply at all times, regardless of visibility conditions.

Question 18

Rule 5 - Look-out

Answer 18

This rule stipulates that a good look-out is needed at all times, , not just visually, but also using instruments (e.g., RADAR) and auditory signals
Keeping a good look-out prevents the navigator from doing other tasks during his watch.

Question 19

Rule 6 - Safe Speed

Answer 19

Safe speed dépends on circumstances like trafic density and visibility. Safe speed is essential for collision avoidance and is often a key factor in preventing accidents

For radar-equipped vessels, the experience of the radar operator is also crucial. .

Question 20

Rule 7 - Risk of Collision

Answer 20

“Risk of Collision” occurs when two vessels are close enough that any departure from the rules could result in a collision. Key factors include:

Distance between vessels
Speed of approach
Crossing courses

All means, including RADAR, must be used to assess the risk. If a target’s bearing remains constant, it indicates a potential risk of collision.

Question 21

Rule 8 - Action to Avoid Collision

Answer 21

Actions to avoid collision should be taken in time, big enough according to good seamanship.
A single, big maneuver is better than several small ones. Changing course is usually enough, but slowing down may be needed.

The maneuver must be noticeable to the other vessel, as a speed change alone may not be noticeable enough.

Question 22

Rule 9 - Narrow Channels

Answer 22

In narrow channels, vessels should stay as close as possible to the starboard side. Vessels under 20 m, as well as sailing and fishing vessels, must not block the safe passage of others.

When crossing a fairway, do not obstruct other vessels. Overtaking in narrow channels has strict rules, including sound signals (not covered in this course).

Question 23

Rule 10 - Traffic Separation Schemes

Answer 23

(TSS) regulates vessel traffic moving in different directions, using separation zones, lines, or lanes. It is often part of Vessel Traffic Services in ports or coastal areas.

Vessels using a TSS must follow the general direction of traffic in the correct lane and avoid the separation line or zone.