Rule 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Rule 5 of COLREGs?

A

Rule 5 states that every vessel must maintain a proper lookout by sight, hearing, and all available means to detect risks and avoid collisions.

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2
Q

Why is a proper lookout important?

A

A proper lookout ensures early detection of risks like other vessels, floating debris, or navigational hazards, preventing collisions and ensuring safety at sea.

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3
Q

What does ‘all available means’ in Rule 5 include?

A

It includes sight (visual observation), hearing (sound signals), and equipment like radar, ARPA, AIS, ECDIS, and binoculars.

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4
Q

When is maintaining a proper lookout especially critical?

A

In restricted visibility, congested traffic areas, during nighttime navigation, and when navigating near hazards or in narrow channels.

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5
Q

What should you do if the lookout reports a faint light ahead?

A

Use binoculars to confirm the light, check radar to assess its range and movement, calculate CPA/TCPA, and take action if necessary to avoid collision.

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6
Q

How does radar help in maintaining a proper lookout?

A

Radar detects distant objects, measures range and bearing, and can track targets using ARPA to determine CPA and TCPA for collision risk assessment.

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7
Q

What role does AIS play in maintaining a lookout?

A

AIS provides information about nearby vessels, such as name, position, speed, and course, which helps identify potential collision risks.

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8
Q

Can a proper lookout rely solely on radar and AIS? Why or why not?

A

No, because radar and AIS cannot detect uncharted hazards, small boats without reflectors, or floating debris. Human senses (sight and hearing) remain essential.

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9
Q

What action should you take if you hear a foghorn but cannot see the source?

A

Reduce speed, use your own fog signals, intensify radar monitoring, and prepare for potential evasive action while maintaining situational awareness.

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10
Q

What are the risks of not maintaining a proper lookout?

A

Increased risk of collisions, grounding, or hitting uncharted obstacles, especially in poor visibility or traffic-dense areas.

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11
Q

How do you cross-check visual observations with electronic tools during a watch?

A

Use binoculars for distant objects, verify with radar to calculate range and movement, and confirm vessel details or movements using AIS or ECDIS.

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12
Q

You detect a fishing boat visually but not on radar. What do you do?

A

Maintain visual monitoring, assess its course and speed relative to your vessel, reduce speed if necessary, and take early action to avoid collision.

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13
Q

During restricted visibility, how can Rule 5 be applied effectively?

A

Reduce speed, assign additional lookouts if needed, use fog signals, continuously monitor radar and ARPA, and maintain readiness to take evasive action.

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14
Q

You notice a small craft drifting with no AIS signal. How do you respond?

A

Alert the Master, monitor its position visually and with radar, and alter course or reduce speed to pass at a safe distance.

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15
Q

How does Rule 5 connect with Rule 6 (Safe Speed)?

A

A proper lookout helps assess the conditions and traffic density, allowing the OOW to determine and maintain a safe speed appropriate to the situation.

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