Rubenstein-Chapter 7: Ethnicity

Question 1

Apartheid

Answer 1

Laws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas.

Question 2

Balkanization

Answer 2

Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities.

Question 3

Balkanized

Answer 3

Descriptive of a small geographic area that could not successfully be organized into one or more stable states because it was inhabited by many ethnicities with complex, long-standing antagonisms toward each other.

Question 4

Blockbusting

Answer 4

A process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that persons of color will soon move into the neighborhood.

Question 5

Centripetal Force

Answer 5

An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state.

Question 6

Ethnic Cleansing

Answer 6

Process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region.

Question 7

Ethnicity

Answer 7

Identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions.

Question 8

Multiethnic State

Answer 8

State that contains more than one ethnicity.

Question 9

Multinational State

Answer 9

State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities.

Question 10

Nationalism

Answer 10

Loyalty and devotion to a particular nationality.

Question 11

Nationality

Answer 11

Identity with a group of people that share legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular place as a result of being born there.

Question 12

Nation-state

Answer 12

A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality.

Question 13

Race

Answer 13

Identity with a group of people descended from a common ancestor.

Question 14

Racism

Answer 14

Belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.

Question 15

Racist

Answer 15

A person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism.

Question 16

Self-determination

Answer 16

Concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves.

Question 17

Sharecropper

Answer 17

A person who works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent and repays loans by turning over to the landowner a share of the crops.

Question 18

Triangular Slave Trade

Answer 18

A practice, primarily during the eighteenth century, in which European ships transported slaves from Africa to Caribbean islands, molasses from the Caribbean to Europe, and trade goods from Europe to Africa.