Rubenstein-Chapter 13: Urban Patterns Flashcards

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1
Q

Annexation

A

Legally adding land area to a city in the United States.

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2
Q

Census Tract

A

An area delineated by the U.S. Bureau of the Census for which statistics are published; in urbanized areas, census tracts correspond roughly to neighborhoods.

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3
Q

Central Business District (CBD)

A

The area of a city where retail and office space activities are clustered.

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4
Q

City

A

An urban settlement that has been legally incorporated into an independent self-governing unit.

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5
Q

Combined Statistical Area (CSA)

A

In the United States, two or more contiguous core based statistical areas tired together by commuting patterns.

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6
Q

Concentric Zone Model

A

A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are spatially arranged in a series of rings.

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7
Q

Core Based Statistical Area (CBSA)

A

In the United States, the combination of all metropolitan statistical areas and micropolitan statistical areas.

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8
Q

Council of Government

A

A cooperative agency consisting of representatives of local governments in a metropolitan area in the United States.

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9
Q

Density Gradient

A

The change in density in an urban area from the center to the periphery.

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10
Q

Edge City

A

A large node of office and retail activities on the edge of an urban area.

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11
Q

Filtering

A

A process of change in the use of a house, from single-family owner occupancy to abandonment.

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12
Q

Gentrification

A

A process of converting an urban neighborhood from a predominately low-income, renter-occupied area to a predominately middle-class, owner-occupied area.

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13
Q

Greenbelt

A

A ring of land maintained as parks, agriculture, or other types of open space to limit the sprawl of an urban area.

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14
Q

Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)

A

In the United States, a central city of at least 50,000 population, the country within which the city is located, and adjacent countries meeting one of several tests indicating a functional connection to the central city.

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15
Q

Micropolitan Statistical Area

A

An urbanized area of between 10,000 and 50,000 inhabitants, the county in which it is found, and adjacent counties tied to the city.

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16
Q

Multiple Nuclei Model

A

A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a collection of nodes of activities.

17
Q

Peripheral Model

A

A model of North American urban areas consisting of and inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business areas tied together by a beltway or ring road.

18
Q

Primary Census Statistical Model (PSCA)

A

In the United States, all of the combined statistical areas plus all of the remaining metropolitan statistical areas and micropolitan statistical areas.

19
Q

Public Housing

A

Housing owned by the government; in the United States, it is rented to residents with low incomes, and the rents are set at 30 percent of the families incomes.

20
Q

Redlining

A

A process by which banks draw lines on a map and refuse to lend money to purchase or improve property within the boundaries.

21
Q

Rush Hour

A

The four consecutive 15-minute periods in the morning and evening with the heaviest volumes of traffic.

22
Q

Sector Model

A

A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a series of sectors, or wedges, radiating out from the central business district (CBD).

23
Q

Smart Growth

A

Legislation and regulations to limit suburban sprawl and preserve farmland.

24
Q

Social Area Analysis

A

Statistical analysis used identify where people of similar living standards, ethnic background, and life style live within an urban area.

25
Q

Sprawl

A

Development of new housing sites at a relatively low density and at locations that are not contiguous to the existing built-up area.

26
Q

Squatter Settlement

A

An area within a city in a less developed country in which people illegally establish residences on land they do not own or rent and erect homemade structures.

27
Q

Underclass

A

A group in society prevented from participating in the material benefits of a more developed society because of a variety of social and economic reasons.

28
Q

Urban Renewal

A

Program in which cities identify blighted inner-city neighborhoods, acquire the properties from private owners, relocate the residents and businesses, clear the site, build new roads and utilities, and turn the land over to private developers.

29
Q

Urbanized Area

A

In the United States, a central city plus its contiguous built-up suburbs.

30
Q

Zoning Ordinances

A

A law that limits the permitted uses of land and maximum density of a development in a community.