RTKS basic knowlege Flashcards
What are receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)?
RTKs are a family of cell-surface receptors that play a key role in cellular processes such as growth, differentiation, metabolism, and cell migration.
How do RTKs function?
RTKs function by binding to specific ligands, such as growth factors, which trigger receptor dimerization, autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues, and activation of downstream signaling pathways.
What are some common signaling pathways activated by RTKs?
Some common pathways activated by RTKs include the MAPK/ERK pathway, the PI3K/Akt pathway, and the JAK/STAT pathway.
What is the role of RTKs in cancer?
Dysregulation of RTK signaling, such as overexpression, mutations, or chromosomal rearrangements, can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and contribute to the development and progression of cancer.
Name three examples of RTKs.
Examples of RTKs include epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR).
What are some therapeutic approaches targeting RTKs in cancer treatment?
Some therapeutic approaches include the use of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies targeting RTKs, and antibody-drug conjugates.
What is the role of RTKs in cell migration?
RTKs regulate cell migration by activating signaling pathways that control the organization of the actin cytoskeleton and the formation of cell adhesion structures.
What is autophosphorylation?
Autophosphorylation is the process by which a kinase transfers a phosphate group from ATP to its own tyrosine residues, leading to a conformational change that activates the kinase domain and enables downstream signaling.
What are some common ligands for RTKs?
Some common ligands for RTKs include epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF).
