RT205 Flashcards
The study of the effect of ionizing
radiaton on living organisms.
Radiobiology
Action involver physics and biology.
Radiobiology
Type of energy that comes from a
source (natural /manmade)
Radiation
can travel at the speed of light
299, 792,458 m/s
983, 571, 056 feet /s
186, 282 milts/s
energy cant be created nor destroyed
Law of conservation
transferring of energy to radiation
X-RAY
branch of science that deals with living organisms and their vital process.
Biology
smallest unit of matter that composed of 3 subatomic
atom
composed of 3 subatomic
Proton
Neutron
Electron
PROTON /POSITIVE/ NUCLEUS/
1.007276
NEUTRON /neutral/ Nuclens
1.008665
ELECTRON/ Negative/ outside nucleus
0.0005486
No. of protons in the nuclear
ATOMIC NO.
Sum of protons & neutrons in an atom.
ATOMIC MASS NO.
Combination of 2 or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
MOLECULE
maintain proper composition & properties of a substance in our body.
MOLECULE
basic structural and funtional unit of all living organism.
CELL
lonizing Radiation have a 2 types of form
wavelight form
particulate form
special type of radiation that include X-ray
lonizing Radiation
Types of radiation that is capable of removing an orbital electron from the atom with/ which it interacts.
lonizing Radiation
Wavelight Form EMR
Gramma
Xray
can cause harmful effect in our body
Wavelight Form
Particulate
Alpha
Beta
Neutron
Radioactivity releasing of energy from a source
Spontaners Integration
uranium Atomic mass no.
231
Uranium
URANIUM
RADIUM
RADON
Process in which an atom molecule gains
Loses electrons resulting in the formation of ions/ removal of an election from an atom.
IONIZATION
Cation / laces an electron
Positive
Anion / gains an electron
Negative
Target Moleule
DNA
consist oF 2 protono & 2 neutron
Alpha
all of their energy is absorbed inside the body, potentially causing damage to cells.
Alpha
It can be stopped by paper and skin and few centmeters of air
Alpha
give the 5 SOURCE
Radon
Radium
Thorium
Isotope
Uranium
High energy
Beta
election emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive atom
Beta
Fast moving particles w/ negative electrical charge that are emitted
Beta
emitted of a result of spontaneous or induced nuclear fission
Neutron
able to travel hundreds or even thosand of meters in air
Neutron
emission of an high-energy wave
from the nucleus of an atom
Gamma
emission of high energy have from the electron cloud of an atom
x-ray
-annual dose of appx. 3 millisievert(msv)
Natural Environmental Radiation
located at the earths crust
Terrestrial
water level in the loody
Internal Radiation
- Largest source of natural.
-Radioactive gas that is produced by the natural radioactive decay of uranium, which is present trace quantities in Earth.
Radon
-results in 3.2 msv annually
Man- made radiation
largect sonce of man- made radiaton
Diagnostic X-ray
-has relatively low energy and relatively long wavelength,
Radiowaves/Radiofrequency
the wavelengths is between 1 millimeter and 100 kilometers and in frequency 300 GHz and 3 kHz.
Radiowaves/Radiofrequency
-has a very short wavelenght but it is higher than Radiofrequency and lower than infrared.
Microwaves
-has many uses such as cellular phone, highway speed monitoring, medical diathermy and hotdog communication.
Microwaves
is a type of radiant energy that’s invisible to human eyes but that we can feel as heat
Infrared
-When sunlight passess through a prism, it emerges not as white light but as the colors of the rainbow.
Visble Light
-is the cause of may peculiar but familiar phenomena, such as a rainbow or the apparent bending of a straw in a glass of water.
Refraction
-is located in the electromagnetic spectrum between visble light and ionizing radiation.
Ultraviolet Radiation
There are two principle types of exposure to radiation:
External
Internal
when ionizing radiation is located inside organism/human body.
Internal
located outside the body, can be from environment.
External
gamma rays which is released by radioactive tracers.
Internal Irradiation
after few days non-stochastic effect / early effect.
Deterministic Effect
as RBC; destruction of blood forming cells hematopoietic cells.
Hematologic Syndrome
cancer on the blood specifically RBC
Polycythemia
first symptom = nausea, vomiting, loss
of appetite, electrolyte imbalance;
common in RT
Gastrointestinal Syndrome
dizziness, confusion, double vision, seizure, loss of consciousness; can be cured if maagapan.
Central nervous system Syndrome
-late effect; not after months/year
-Increases with the increasing no.
of interaction dose incidence
Stochastic Effect
death of fetus before born can occur during pregnancy.
Prenatal Death
death of new born within the first 25 days of life (after 8 days).
Neonatal Death
born defects; structural or
functional abnormalities present at birth (sobrang private part, big forearm, dikitdikit na fingers).
Congenital Malformation
cancer diseases that diagnose in children
(leukemia).
Childhood Malignancy
children can result various
factors including nutritional deficiency, chronic illness, genetic condition, environmental influence
Diminished growth and development
