RT LEVEL I AND II STUDY QUESTIONS Flashcards
Three basic principles to minimize radiation exposure are:
Time, distance, and shielding
When using exponents, 106 would equal:
1,000,000 = 1 mega (M)
If you have a base number of 4 with an exponent of 2, the resultant number is:
16
How many different levels of qualification currently exist in the radiographic testing industry?
3
Which of the following can a radiographic trainee preform?
Process and sort X-ray film.
Which of the following is an advantage of radiographic testing?
Can reveal discontinuities open to the surface and can reveal discontinuities within the material.
Radiographic testing images are typically:
Digital images or film images.
1*10-3 would be equal to:
0.001
Radiography is used to test which of the following variety of products?
Castings, forgings, welds, and aerospace components for cracks, foreign material, and water in honeycomb.
Advantages of radiographic testing include:
Can be used on most materials and can reveal discontinuities in all products.
Which of the following can radiographic testing reveal?
Structural discontinuities, mechanical failures, assembly errors, and fabrication errors.
The spontaneous decay process “radioactivity” was discovered by:
Marie Curie.
Who accidentally discovered X-rays in 1895?
Röntgen.
Radiographic testing uses X-ray and gamma ray sources that generate great amounts of radiation
Damage to cells of living tissue, which is a health hazard
What is the main difference between qualification and certification?
Qualification is the process that should take place before a person becomes certified.
What are the most common forms of radiation used to date to test a variety of products in various
industries?
X-rays and gamma rays.
The activity of a gamma ray source is measured in:
Curies in the U.S. system and becquerels in the SI system
The energy of the gamma radiation beam from Ir-192 is equivalent to an X-ray machine using:
600 kV
The energy of a gamma ray source is determined by the:’
Nature of the source.
A half-life is the time it takes for:
The activity of an isotope to decay to one-half of its initial strength.
A 100 Ci iridium-192 source would decay to 25 Ci in how many days if not used?
148.6 days.
Which isotope has a gamma ray energy of0.3 to 0.6 MeV?
Iridium-192
Which of the following are ionization processes?
Photoelectric effect, compton effect, and pair production.
The specific activity of a radioactive isotope depends on the:
Time the material has been in the reactor
Some radioisotopes have more than one:
MeV energy level that is emitted
What term refers to the interaction of a photon with orbital electrons when the photon energy is not
completely lost to an electron and the rest of the energy gets scattered?
Compton effect
Gamma rays are generated by which of the following?
Radioactive isotopes undergoing disintegration.
A typical atom generally consists of all of the following except:
Negatively charged neutrons
The most widely used standard (imperial) unit of measurement for measuring the rate at which the
output of a gamma ray source decays is the:
Curie
The major component of scatter is:
Medium-energy rays weakened in the compton scattering process.
Which of the following sources can produce a radiograph with the same sharpness with a smaller
source-to-film distance (SFD) if the source strength is the same?
Source with higher specific activity.
Natural and artificial radioisotopes disintegrate by releasing energy in the following forms:
Gamma rays, beta particles, and alpha particles.
The minimum amount of energy required to produce pair production is approximately:
1.02 MeV
The following radioactive isotope is produced in nuclear fission:
Cs-137
Which of the following aspects of a gamma ray source is comparable to the focal spot in an
X-ray tube?
Surface area of the material or source as viewed from the test object
In which of the following interactions of gamma rays with matter is the electromagnetic radiation
converted into mass?
Pair production.
A gamma ray source is designated as iridium-192. The 192 designation is the:
Mass number
Which of the following ionization processes of X- or gamma rays is more likely with a low-energy
photon and material with a high atomic number?
Photoelectric absorption
The scattering process of X-rays or gamma radiation will:
Increase the wavelength.
Which of the gamma ray sources listed below has an energy greater than 1 million electronvolts?
Colbalt-60
Gamma ray intensity is:
A measure of radiation emission
Which is the most common material used in the manufacture of TLDs?
Lithium fluoride
The unit of measure used for exposure to radiation in air that produces 1 esu is the:
Non-functional Question - Please Edit
Roentgen (R)
What is the maximum radiation level permitted in an unrestricted area?
2 mR/h or 0.02 mSv/h
Which of the following radiation survey meters will give a false zero or saturate in a high radiation
area?
Geiger-müller counter
Three ways of minimizing radiation exposure are:
Time, distance, shielding
Roentgen equivalent mammal or man (rem) in the International System of Units is expressed in:
Sieverts
Which of the following radiation monitoring systems is required when preforming X-rays in a
shielded exposure booth?
Area alarm system
Which of the following radiation monitoring systems is required when preforming X-rays in a
shielded exposure booth?
Area alarm system
Radiation safety is very important when working with gamma and x-ray sources because it can
cause damage to
Living cells
The definition of a radiation absorbed dose (rad) is:
The unit measurement of radiation absorption by humans
Gamma sources have one major safety concern that X-ray units don’t, which is
Gamma radiation cannot be shut off
The radiation level at a location is 6 mR/h (60 μSv/h). If a person is allowed a maximum dose of 60
μSv, how long may he or she stay there?
60 min
A dose of 2 rad of alpha particles is absorbed by human tissue. The equivalent does received by the
tissue is:
400 mSv
Which of the following instruments does not measure total dose but rather dose rate?
Survey meter (ionization chamber) Survey meter (ionization chamber)Survey meter (ionization chamber)
A curie is equal to how many Becquerel (Bq)?
37 x 109 Bq or 37 GBq
When preforming radiographic testing, a person who is not part of the radiographic team but a
member of the general public should not receive a dose of radiation more than:
2 mrem in any 1 hour or in excess of 100 mrem in 1 year
For a radiation operator, the annual dose limit allowed for the lens of the eye is:
15 rem
A curie is the original unit of radioactivity described as the radiation emitted by one gram of:
Radium
Which of the following materials is not commonly used for shielding radiographers from daily
exposures?
Wood
How many survey meters are required to be present on a job site per radiation source, unluess
otherwise stated in an individula’s operating and emergency (O%E) procedures manual?
At least 1
Which agency regulates handling and storage of radioisotopes in the U.S.?
NRC
A Sievert is:
An SI unit of equivalent does or effective does.
