Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

HealthCare > rst > Flashcards

rst Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior (ventral)

A

front

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Posterior (dorsal)

A

back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Superior (cranial)

A

upper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Inferior (caudal)

A

lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Medial

A

midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Lateral

A

Away from midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Proximal

A

Point of origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Distal

A

away from point of origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Superficial

A

external/surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Deep

A

internal/beneath surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Body cavities (There are 4!)

A

Dorsal - cranial, spinal
Ventral - thoracic, abdominal, pelvic
(Diaphragm separates thoracic from abdominopelvic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Homeostasis

A

maintenance of a constant environment in the

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How to heat up?

A

Vasoconstriction

Piloerection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How would we control body temp by cooling?

A

Sweating

Vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How to control glucose levels

A

Excess glucose turns into glycogen in liver.

2 Hormones: insulin - delivers glucose to liver

glucagon - converts glycogen into glucose in blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Control water levels

A

Via Kidneys

  • Urea is waste made when liver breaks down proteins
    1) filter
    2) Reabsorb sugar
    3) Reabsorb water
    4) excrete waste
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Terms of human body

(physiology, anatomy)

A

Physiology - study of body anatomy

Anatomy - study of structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Tissues

A

Epithelial - Covers surface, forms lining

Connective - Supports and binds

Muscle - skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Nerve - carries messages via body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cancer

Causes

Normal vs Cancerous

Prevention

A

Uncontrolled cell division - groth/lump damaging tissues and organs

carcinogens, heredity

oncogenes dont carry out normal functions

avoid sun exposure, tanning, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Infection control

Some infectious biological agents

A

3 Types

Bacteria, - multiply quickly + remain non-active surrounded by spore coat

viruses, smallest; difficult to destroy, can grow inside cells, spread by blood/body fluid, few anti-virals

and fungi - (Yeasts + Molds) lives off dead matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Chain of infection

(6 Factors)

A
  1. Pathogen (causes disease)
  2. Reservoir (environment like people, insects, formite)
  3. Portal of Exit (body opening, nucous membbrane, breaksin skin)
  4. Mode of transmission (direct, indirect, droplet/airborne, etc)
  5. Portal of Entry (respiration, GI tract, etc)
  6. Susceptible host (person with immunocompromised)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Sterilization AND Disinfection

A

Sterilization - BESt way to kill microbes, autoclave uses steam under pressure

Disinfection - Strong chemicals to kill; used on objects,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Proper body mechanics

A

To reduce strain on lumbar muscle,

Position - weight close as possible

Height - Slightly above level of middle finger

Body position - multiple muscles

Max weight - less than 35%

careful when lifting things above, big base of support, maintain alignment with head/vertabrae

24
Q

Integumentary system

Function??

A

Protects body from -injury AND harmful microbes AND UV rays

Maintain body temp

Excretion of waste via perspiring

Sensory organ

25
What are the layers of skin?
1. Epidermis - stratum corneum, stratum germinatum (melanin + nerve endings) 2. Dermis - w/connective tissue (capillaries, lymph cells, sebaceous glands, etc) - top (papillary) 3. Subcutaneous layer - btwn dermis and inner organs, w/ fatty tissue + fibrous tissue
26
Skin appendages??
Hair - protects against dust, foreign particles, etc Nails - hard keratin, grasp and scratch Sweat glands - from apocrine glands, "diaphoresis" , secreted via pores, called sebum.
27
BURNs.. 3 Degrees
Body tissue is in contact w/ heat, corrosive chemical, radiation, high volt (over 44C) Risk for infection, pain, etc Extent of surface area + severity is a risk factor 1st: superficial 2nd: epidermis + dermis, 3rd: all layers of skin, requires help!
28
Malignant melanoma
cancer in melanocytes, can metastasize brown irregular dot, usually cureable
29
Skeletal system Functions? (6)
1. Support 2. Protection 3. Movement 4. Mineral Storage 5. Blood cell production 6. Energy storage
30
Joints (and Types)
2 bones meet (give mobility) -fixed, semi-moveable, synovial \> ball+socket(big ROM), hinge(Back/Forth), sliding(small slidde), pivot (side-side)
31
Body positions
Fowler's - semi-sitting Supine - back-lying Lateral - side-lying Sim's - left-side-lying Prone - front-lying Sitting
32
Muscular system What types of muscle??
Skeletal - striated, voluntary Smooth - no striated, involuntary Cardiac - \<3 striated, involuntary
33
Muscle atrophy
inactivity
34
Body movement
35
Circulatory system Blood flow in heart??
36
Heart anatomy
4 Chambers - 2 ventricles (below), 2 atriums (above) septum, superior vena cava, etc. Know this!!
37
Interior Heart
w/ mitral or bicuspid valve(left side), and tricuspid valve (right)
38
Blood Vessles
Artery - carry blood AWAY from \<3, great pressure thus muscular (red excpt pulmonary artery) Vain - Carry blood TOWARD \<3 (blue excpt pulmonary veins) Capillaries
39
Blood Components
Plasma 55% - yellow fluid - RBC - erythro, hemoglobin - WBC - leuko, fight infection - Platelets - thrombo, help in clotting
40
Heart Sounds
Lub - AV valves close Dub - SL valves close
41
Respiratory system Protective mechanisms??
Ribs articulate w/vertabrae, allow movement when breathing Antagonistic muscles, w/ trachea bronchi bronchioles alveoli
42
O2 and Co2 exchange
1. Oxygen enters lungs and passes into alveoli 2. Deoxygenated blood c/ co2 comes out \> oxygen diffused into blood, c02, 3. C02 leaves lung 4. Oxygenated blood goes to bloodstream
43
Mechanism of breathing
Intercostal muscles contract, pullling rib out and diaphragm flattens, we breathe in Muscles relax, chest cavity smaller, breathe out
44
Digestive system Anatomy??
45
Nervous system What is a nerve cell??
Made up of dendrites, axon terminal, axon,
46
Components of nervous system
Central nervous system - brain.spinal cord Peripheral nervous system a cranial nerves
47
Brain anatomy Where is.. corpus callosum, cerebrum, berebral cortex, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occiptal lobe, cerebellum
48
Nutrition What are carbs, proteins, fats???
Carbs - energy/fibre for bowel elimination (simple sugar, starch, fibre) - 4 cal Proteins - for tissue growth + repair, 4 cal Fats - Energy + fibre for bowel elimination(saturated, unsaturated, trans)
49
Fuctions of digestive system?
breakdown of food into absorbable units to distribute to blood cells Stomach - physical and chemical digest Esophaus - push food down in peristalsis Small intestine - break large particles Large I: Converts liquid chyme into feces and etc, etc
50
How are the body systems interconnected??
Nervous System -- produces involuntary movements and functions such as lets you know when you're tired Digestive System -- absorbs and excretes materials into the bloodstream Circulatory/Cardiovascular System -- helps circulate blood and other nutrients to all of the body. ex. Skeletal system gives muscle something to pull against, protecs the mouth esophagus stomach, protects trachea windpipes, protects heart + produce RBC, protects kidneys, protects brain and spine spinal cord delivers messages from brain to body
51
Label some parts of the integumentary system
52
Label parts of the muscular system
53
Label parts of the skeletal system
54
Label parts of the respiratory system
55
Label parts of heart
56
Lapel parts of the digestive system
57

HealthCare (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions