RRD #1 Basic Concepts of Patho & Implications for Nursing

Question 1

Study of functions & processes that occur in body, mostly the NORMAL processes

Answer 1

Physiology

Question 2

the study of the underlying changes in body physiology that result from disease or injury.

Answer 2

Pathophysiology

Question 3

maintenance of constant conditions in the body’s internal enviroment

Answer 3

Homeostasis

Question 4

The return to homeostasis after being challenged by a stressor is called

Answer 4

Compensation

similar words: adaptation, healing etc..

Question 5

Compensation is achieved by the body’s use of

Answer 5

control mechanism / compensatory mechanism

Question 6

Break down of glycogen is called

Answer 6

glycogenolysis

Question 7

A form of stored glucose

Answer 7

glycogen

Question 8

The failure to compensate, adapt, heal, etc..

Answer 8

Decompensation

Question 9

The body is unable to appropriately meet the challenge of stressors

Answer 9

Decompensation

Question 10

a harmful condition of the body (and/or mind)

Answer 10

disease

Question 11

a disturbance in the health of the body

Answer 11

disorder

Question 12

factors that or contribute to and/or increase probability that a disease will occur….”setting the stage”

ex: heredity, age, ethnicity, lifestyle (smoking, eating habits etc) enviroment

Answer 12

risk factors

Question 13

a condition or event that triggers a pathologic event or disorder…“kick off”

ex: “an ashthma attack can be precipitated by exertion”

Answer 13

precipitation factor

Question 14

Relating to elements leading up to a disease

Answer 14

risk factors and precipitating factor

Question 15

relating to cause of a disease

Answer 15

etiology, idiopathic, iatrogenic, and nosocomial

Question 16

the cause of a disease; includes all factors that contribute to development of disease.

Answer 16

Etiology

Question 17

disease with unidentifiable cause

Answer 17

idiopathic

Question 18

occurs as result of medical treatment

Answer 18

iatrogenic

Question 19

relating to course of a disease

Answer 19

clinical manifestations

Question 20

the demonstration of the presence of a sign and/or symptom (S&S) of a disease

Answer 20

clinical manifestations

Question 21

manifestation that can be objectively identified by a trained observer

Answer 21

signs

Question 22

subjective manifestations that can only be reported by the person experiencing them– pain, nausea, fatigue

Answer 22

symptoms

Question 23

fairly rapid appearance of S&S of disease (over a day to several days); usally last only a short time

Answer 23

acute

Question 24

develop more slowly; S&S are often insidious and last longer and/or wax and wane over months or years.

Answer 24

chronic

Question 25

periods when S&S disappear or diminish significantly (wane)

Answer 25

remission

Question 26

periods when S&S become worse or more sever (Wax);

Answer 26

excerbate - to provoke, to make worse

Question 27

relating to location of manifestations

Answer 27

central and peripheral/periphery

Question 28

usually refers to problem, situation, etc that is occurring towards the center, or “core” of the body

referring to essential organ systems like brain, heart, lungs and kidneys;

Answer 28

central

Question 29

refers to problem, situation, etc, that is occurring towards teh outer parts of the body, away from core.

Answer 29

peripheral/periphery

Question 30

the predicted outcome of a disease based on certain factors such as: the usual course of that particular dz; and individual’s characteristics; ex: age and presence of comorbidities

Answer 30

Prognosis

Question 31

aftermath of a disease

Answer 31

sequela

Question 32

an abnormal condition that follows and is the result of disease, injury, or treatment; synonym = complications or outcome

Answer 32

sequela