RP5- Distillation Flashcards
Where does the water go in to a condenser for distillation?
- in closer to the products
- out closer to the reactants
Why are anti-bumping granules needed?
- smooth boiling
- prevents splashing into condenser
Why should the system be closed?
- prevent gases from escaping
How should the system be sealed?
- bung and thermometer
Why should a thermometer used?
- stay a suitable temperature range
- only one product collected
What is distillation?
where a liquid is heated into a vapour, which then condenses and allows liquid to drip into flask
Why is an excess of NaOH used when hydrolysing an ester?
to ensure all the ester reacts
Why is an electric heater used rather than a bunsen burner?
alcohol/organic compounds are flammable
Why is reflux used?
does not allow any reactant vapour to escape
Why does the top of the separating funnel need to be opened periodically?
to allow CO2 to leave/avoid pressure build up
What makes a drying agent suitable?
- absorbs water
- does not react with product
How would you maximise yield from distillation?
- keep temperature below boiling point
- cool collecting vessel
