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Cisco CCNA ICND2 > Routing Technologies > Flashcards

Routing Technologies Flashcards

1
Q

What is the routing table priority criteria

A
  1. Next hop
  2. Route specificity
  3. Administrative distance
  4. Metric
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2
Q

What is route poisoning

A

Sets the TTL counter to maxium to get rid of the route

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3
Q

What is split horizon

A

Doesn’t tell a router about a route it learnt from that router

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4
Q

Why did Cisco create EIGRP when a protocol such as OSPF existing

A

EIGRP is a far simpler protocol to learn and maintain

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5
Q

All routers in an area have the same…

A

Topology table

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6
Q

What is the primary method of implementing multiple areas in ospf

A

To perform route summarisation

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7
Q

What is an ABR

A

Area border route - connects areas to area 0

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8
Q

What is an ASBR

A

automonous system boundary router - path out of the system

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9
Q

How does OSPF determine neighbour relationships

A
  1. Determine router ID
  2. Add interfaces to link state database dictated by network command
  3. Send hello message on chose interface
  4. Receive hello
  5. Send reply hello
    6, Master/slave relationship determined
  6. DBDs are acknowledge and review
  7. Neighbours a synchronised
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10
Q

In ospf, how is the route ID determined

A

Highest active IP address (loopback beats physical)

Better to set manually.

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11
Q

In ospf, how often are hello messages sent on broadcast/p2p networks?

A

every 10 sec

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12
Q

In ospf, how often are hello messages sent on NBMA networks

A

every 30 sec

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13
Q

What details are contained in a hello message

A

i. Router id
ii. Neighbours
iii. Hello and dead timers
iv. Router priority
v. Network mask
vi. DR/BDR ip address
vii. Area ID
viii. Auth password

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14
Q

What 4 details in a hello packet must match in order for OSPF to work.

A

Hello and dead timers
Network mask
Area ID
Auth password

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15
Q

How are the DR/BDR elected?

A

Chosen based on higher priority

Can manually set priority but may need to clear ospf process for it to change

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16
Q

What is the broadcast address for DR/BDR

A

224.0.0.6

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17
Q

Why is it good practice to adjust the reference bandwidth

A

So OSPF can function in 10Gbps networks

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18
Q

How is the reference BW changed

A
  • Router ospf 1

* Auto-cost reference-bandwidth 10000

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19
Q

What is a passive interface

A

Stops advertising routes and sending hello messages

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20
Q

What are the two methods of setting a passive interface

A

Manually select interface and make passive

Make all interfaces passive by default, then enable ospf on interface you want to send hello packets on (cisco preferred as more secured)

21
Q

What are the default ospf hello/dead timers

A

10/40

22
Q

How can the hello timers be changed

A

ip ospf hello-interval xx

23
Q

In Multi-area ospf, how are the routes from other ospf areas listed in the routing table.

A

IA

24
Q

Why are loopback interfaces used.

A

Virtual interfaces

can be set for testing, or using a virtual ip

25
Q

What command makes a loopback appear as a real network to ospf

A
  • Ip ospf network point-to-point
26
Q

How is a summary route configured

A
  • area 2 range 10.2.0.0 255.255.0.0
27
Q

What does the default-information originate command do?

A

Advertises default routes to ospf

28
Q

In EIGRP, what are the differences between routing table, topology table, and neighbour table.

A

routing table - the best routes

topology table - closest to link-state DB in ospf, all of the best routes (successor), and 2nd best routes (feasible successor)

neighbour table - formed when neighbours are established

29
Q

Why would you choose to use EiGRP

A
  • Backup routes (fast convergence/DUAL)
  • Simple configuration
  • Felxibility im summarisation
  • Unequal cost load-balancing
  • Combines best of Distance vector and link state ( limited routing info, but backup paths)
30
Q

In Eigrp, what is the successor and feasible successor

A
  • Describe routes in the topology table
  • Successor is primary and goes in routing table
  • FS is back up, not in routing table
31
Q

In eigrp, what are active and passive routes

A
  • Passive is good, all is working

- Active is when problem occurs and is actively trying to find a new route

32
Q

What is the Advertised Distance (AD)

A

How far the target is from the routers neighbour

33
Q

What is the Feasible Distance (FD)

A

How far the target is from the router

34
Q

What is the single multicast address that all EIGRP communication is sent to?

A

224.0.0.10

35
Q

What are the 5 message types in EIGRP

A 
Hello – forms relationship
Update – sends updates
Query – asks about routes
Reply – response to query
Ack – acknowledges the update, query and reply message
36
Q

What is the EIGRP metric

A

BW & Delay

37
Q

What is auto-summary

A

When routes in the routing table are automatically summarised

38
Q

How do you stop EIGRP from auto summarisation

A

No auto-summary

39
Q

How is EIGRP load balanced

A

Automatically done if equal cost.

If not equal cost, using the variance command

40
Q

In eigrp, what are the default hello and hold timers

A

5 & 15 secs

Hold is always 3 x hello

41
Q

How do you see EIGRP hello timer for a given interface?

A

sh ip eigrp interface detail

42
Q

How can you see the hold timer for eigrp

A

sh ip eigrp neighbours

43
Q

How would you adjust the Hello timer for EIGRP running in autonomous system 5 to once every 3 seconds?

A

ip hello-interval eigrp 5 3

44
Q

What command turns on ipv6 routing

A

ipv6 unicast-routing

45
Q

What characters are put in the middle of a router MAC address in order to auto-generate the last 64 bits of the EUI-64 Link Local address

A

FFFE

46
Q

When routing with OSPFv3 or EIGRP for IPv6, why is it important to manually set the router-id

A

Because there will most likely be no ipv4 address set to automatically set one

47
Q

How does configuring OSPFv3/EIGRP for IPv6 compare to configuring for IPv4

A

You no longer use the network command

You enable the protocol then apply it to the interface

48
Q

How would you turn off OSPFv3

A

No ipv6 router ospf 1

This also removes the config from the interface

Cisco CCNA ICND2 (5 decks)

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