Routers Route

Question 1

can send traffic between locally connected networks by default. Always reference their routing table to route traffic

Answer 1

Routers

Question 2

IP Routing Table:
192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, G0/0
10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, G0/1
The routing table includes all types of routes:
locally connected routes, static routes, and dynamically learned routes

Answer 2

Routing Table

Question 3

is a route of all zeros (0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0) and defines where to send unknown traffic (for networks that are not in the routing table)
A default route is required to get into the internet

Answer 3

Default Route or Gateway of Last Resort

Question 4

A technique that allows private IP addresses to be used on the public Internet.
This technology is running on everyone’s home router
NAT Table: Inside Local - Inside Global - Source IP Address (One to one address mapping)
NAT Table both are performed by Firewalls and Routers

Answer 4

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Question 5

changes the source address of the packets passing through the router.
The host communicates to the internet the source IP address is changed from 192.168.100.50 to the publicly routable IP address of the router 74.189.45.33
DON’T confuse SNAT with Static Network Address Translation also known as (SNAT)

Answer 5

Source Network Address Translation (SNAT)

Question 6

changes the destination address of the packets passing the router. As communication happens from the internet to IP address 74.189.45.33 the destination IP address is changed from 74.189.45.33 to the private IP address of the host 192.168.100.50
DON’T confuse DNAT with Dynamic Network Address Translation also known as (DNAT)

Answer 6

Destination Network Address Translation (DNAT)

Question 7

Dynamic 1 to 1 translation using address pools

A pool is created for the internal private IPs and a pool is created for the public IPs

Answer 7

Dynamic Network Address Translation (DNAT)

Question 8

Manual 1 to 1 translation
Maps single address to another single address
Such as mapping a private host address directly to a public address

Answer 8

Static Network Address Translation (SNAT)

Question 9

The most common form of NAT that handles this one-to-many connection called Port Address Translation.
uses port numbers to map traffic from specific machines in the network
#1 use is to translate a group of private addresses into a public address that is routable on the internet
Any SOHO or consumer-grade router does this by default.
Randomly generated TCP Port Numbers and are used to track each NAT session and keep them separated.

Answer 9

Port Address Translation (PAT)

Question 10

you can designate a specific local address for various network services.
Nodes outside the network can request a service using the public IP address of the router and the port number of the desired service. The port forwarding router would examine the packet, look at the list of services mapped to local addresses, and then send that packet along to the proper recipient.

Answer 10

Port Forwarding