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Guide #2: R. 1-10 > Round #8 > Flashcards

Round #8 Flashcards

1
Q

1) Life Science – Multiple Choice From what source does the energy required for photsynthesis come?
W) Water
X) Oxygen
Y) Carbon Dioxide
Z) Sunlight

A

ANSWER: Z) SUNLIGHT

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2
Q

1) Life Science – Short Answer What compartment of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?

A

ANSWER: RIGHT VENTRICLE

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2
Q

2) Energy – Short Answer Most ethanol in the U.S. is produced from what crop?

A

ANSWER: CORN

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2
Q

2) Energy – Multiple Choice Which of the following types of coal is produced in the smallest amount in the U.S.?
W) Anthracite [AN-thrah-site]
X) Bituminous [bih-TOOM-in-us]
Y) Lignite
Z) Subbituminous [sub-bih-TOOM-in-us]

A

ANSWER: W) ANTHRACITE

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3
Q

3) Earth and Space – Short Answer The often brackish feature formed where a river meets the sea is called what?

A

ANSWER: ESTUARY

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4
Q

3) Earth and Space – Short Answer What is the term for the production of usable energy directly from inorganic
molecules?

A

ANSWER: CHEMOSYNTHESIS

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5
Q

4) Life Science – Short Answer What scientist posited the idea of natural selection in his book On the Origin of
Species?

A

ANSWER: CHARLES DARWIN (ACCEPT: DARWIN)

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6
Q

4) Life Science – Short Answer What is the structure capable of transporting water only upward in plants?

A

ANSWER: XYLEM

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7
Q

5) Math – Short Answer A map has a scale of 2 cm to 9 kilometers. What is the distance, in kilometers, between 2 cities
that are 12 cm apart on the map?

A

ANSWER: 54

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8
Q

5) Math – Short Answer Solve the following equation for x: open parenthesis 4x – 3 close parenthesis squared = 25.

A

ANSWER: –1/2 or 2 (MUST GIVE BOTH ANSWERS; ACCEPT –0.5 for –1/2)

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9
Q

6) Physical Science – Multiple Choice Of the following choices, where would one most likely find a charge-coupled
device?
W) Mass spectrometer [spek-TRAW-meter]
X) Camera
Y) Multimeter [multi-meter]
Z) Motor

A

`ANSWER: X) CAMERA

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10
Q

6) Physical Science – Short Answer A 5-kilogram mass was held in place at a height of 2 meters above the ground. To
the nearest newton, what force was required to hold it there?

A

ANSWER: 49

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11
Q

7) Earth and Space – Short Answer What scientist developed the theory of continental drift?

A

ANSWER: ALFRED WEGENER

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12
Q

7) Earth and Space – Short Answer What two planets in our solar system do not have natural satellites?

A

ANSWER: VENUS AND MERCURY

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13
Q

8) Physical Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following properties best determines the difference between a
liquid and a gas?
W) Malleability [mal-ee-ability]
X) Density
Y) Volume
Z) Pressure

A

ANSWER: X) DENSITY

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14
Q

8) Physical Science – Short Answer What law relates the force applied by a spring to its deformation?

A

ANSWER: HOOKE’S LAW

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15
Q

9) Energy – Short Answer While the United States has the largest known coal reserves on Earth, what country produces
the most coal annually, accounting for roughly half of the coal produced worldwide?

A

ANSWER: CHINA

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16
Q

9) Energy – Short Answer Lawrence Livermore Lab researchers have developed 3D-printed graphene aerogel
electrodes for supercapacitors. What do supercapacitors store?

A

ANSWER: ELECTRICITY (ACCEPT: ELECTRICAL ENERGY, ELECTRICAL CHARGE)

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17
Q

10) Math – Short Answer What is the multiplicative inverse of –7/3?

A

ANSWER: –3/7

18
Q

10) Math – Multiple Choice A student makes the following conjecture: “If a quadrilateral is a rhombus, then it must be
a parallelogram.” If someone doesn’t believe this conjecture is true, which of the following would be necessary to have a
counterexample to it?
W) A rhombus that is a parallelogram
X) A parallelogram that is a rhombus
Y) A rhombus that is not a parallelogram
Z) A parallelogram that is not a rhombus

A

ANSWER: Y) A RHOMBUS THAT IS NOT A PARALLELOGRAM

19
Q

11) Life Science – Short Answer A patient complains of having watery diarrhea. What organ would a doctor most
likely think might be affected?

A

ANSWER: SMALL INTESTINES

20
Q

11) Life Science – Short Answer Over the course of their lives, plants will build significant carbon-based biomass
without reducing the mass of the soil they are growing in. From what molecule does the carbon for this biomass come?

A

ANSWER: CARBON DIOXIDE (ACCEPT: CO2)

21
Q

12) Math – Short Answer What is the greatest integer less than or equal to the log base 3 of 579?

A

ANSWER: 5

22
Q

12) Math – Short Answer Given f of x = 4x2 – 3 and g of x = 4 over open parenthesis x – 5 close parenthesis,
calculate g of f of 3.

A

ANSWER: 1/7

23
Q

13) Life Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following correctly explains why glucose is converted to
glucose-6-phosphate in the first step of glycolysis [glye-KAWL-eh-sis]?
W) The cell membrane is impermeable to large, negatively-charged molecules
X) It enables the splitting of glucose in half during the next step
Y) The isomerization [eye-saw-mor-eyes-AY-shun] of glucose is less favorable than that of glucose-6-phosphate
Z) Glucose-6-phosphate can also be incorporated into glycogen [GLYE-koh-jen]

A

ANSWER: W) THE CELL MEMBRANE IS IMPERMEABLE TO LARGE, NEGATIVELY-CHARGED MOLECULES

24
Q

13) Life Science – Multiple Choice Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, but not
eukaryotic [YOU-care-ee-AW-tic] protein synthesis. Which of the following best explains why?
W) The antibiotics cut up bacterial mRNA, but not eukaryotic mRNA
X) Eukaryotes [YOU-care-ee-oats] have enzymes to destroy the antibiotics, but bacteria do not
Y) Eukaryotes can export the antibiotics, preventing them from damaging the cell
Z) The antibiotics affect bacterial but not eukaryotic ribosomes

A

ANSWER: Z) THE ANTIBIOTICS AFFECT BACTERIAL BUT NOT EUKARYOTIC RIBOSOMES

25
Q

14) Earth and Space – Short Answer Eskers are left behind by what geological features?

A

ANSWER: GLACIERS

26
Q

14) Earth and Space – Short Answer Quiescent prominences observed on the Sun are long, thin, vertical sheets
of what state of matter?

A

ANSWER: PLASMA

27
Q

15) Physical Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following does not affect the reaction rate of the Haber synthesis
of ammonia?
W) Physical state of the reactants
X) Humidity
Y) Temperature
Z) Concentration

A

ANSWER: X) HUMIDITY

28
Q

15) Physical Science – Short Answer Friction converts mechanical energy into what other form of energy?

A

ANSWER: HEAT

29
Q

16) Energy – Multiple Choice A reaction where the system absorbs energy is known as which of the following?
W) Exothermic
X) Endothermic
Y) Nuclear
Z) Thermodynamic

A

ANSWER: X) ENDOTHERMIC

30
Q

16) Energy – Short Answer What quantity is equal to the product of power and time?

A

ANSWER: ENERGY

31
Q

17) Math – Short Answer What is 7/9 times ¾?

A

ANSWER: 7/12

32
Q

17) Math – Short Answer What is the area of a rhombus with diagonals of length 22 and 28?

A

ANSWER: 308

33
Q

18) Physical Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following elements has the highest atomic number?
W) Hydrogen
X) Lawrencium [lah-REN-see-um]
Y) Gold
Z) Californium [cal-ih-FOR-nee-um]

A

ANSWER: X) LAWRENCIUM

34
Q

18) Physical Science – Short Answer When a superconductor becomes perfectly diamagnetic, what effect is it
exhibiting?

A

ANSWER: MEISSNER EFFECT

35
Q

19) Life Science – Short Answer What is the name of the process responsible for bursting red blood cells when they are
placed in pure water?

A

ANSWER: OSMOSIS

36
Q

19) Life Science – Short Answer What organ in the human body is involved in filtering out extra solutes in the blood?

A

ANSWER: KIDNEY

37
Q

20) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice Which of the following best describes the intercloud medium in space?
W) Hot and high density
X) Hot and low density
Y) Cold and high density
Z) Cold and low density

A

ANSWER: X) HOT AND LOW DENSITY

38
Q

20) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice A stream is dammed, raising its base level. Which of the following is most
likely to happen?
W) The stream deposits sediment upstream of the dam
X) The stream’s velocity increases
Y) The stream’s discharge increases
Z) The gradient of the stream increases

A

ANSWER: W) THE STREAM DEPOSITS SEDIMENT UPSTREAM OF THE DAM

39
Q

21) Physical Science – Short Answer You travel in a car 1 mile north, then 1 mile east, then 1 mile south. What is the
net displacement of your trip?

A

ANSWER: 1 MILE EAST (NOTE: EAST IS NECESSARY IN THE ANSWER)

40
Q

21) Physical Science – Short Answer The distance between crests of a wave is 2 centimeters. If the wave travels
at 10 meters per second, what is its frequency in Hertz?

A

ANSWER: 500

41
Q

22) Math – Short Answer What is the circumference of a circle of radius 9?

A

ANSWER: 18π

42
Q

22) Math – Short Answer What is the least common multiple of 12, 16, and 22?

A

ANSWER: 528

43
Q

23) Earth and Space – Short Answer What objects are created via calving?

A

ANSWER: ICEBERGS

44
Q

23) Earth and Space – Short Answer Desert pavement is a feature created due to the action of what erosional agent?

A

ANSWER: WIND

Guide #2: R. 1-10 (10 decks)

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