Round #5 Flashcards
1) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following lists contains only metals?
W) Magnesium, phosphorus, lead
X) Phosphorus, argon, lead
Y) Magnesium, manganese, lead
Z) Magnesium, helium, manganese
ANSWER: Y) MAGNESIUM, MANGANESE, LEAD
1) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Short Answer The speed of sound in air on a given day is 340 meters
per second. You are standing 85 meters from a barn when you give a short, loud, yelp. How
long in seconds does it take you to hear your own echo?
ANSWER: 0.5 (ACCEPT: ONE-HALF)
2) MATH Short Answer Express the following product in scientific notation: (4 × 108)(8 × 10−3) [4 times 10 to the 8th times 8 times 10 to the negative 3]
ANSWER: 3.2 × 106
2) MATH Short Answer Identify all of the following four statements that are always true: 1) if
three points are coplanar, they are collinear; 2) if two points are collinear, they are coplanar; 3)
three points determine a plane; 4) if two lines are cut by a transversal, the alternate interior
angles are equal.
ANSWER: 2 (ACCEPT: IF TWO POINTS ARE COLLINEAR, THEY ARE COPLANAR)
3) EARTH AND SPACE Multiple Choice Why do hurricanes NOT occur at the equator?
W) The water is too warm
X) There is not enough land mass
Y) The Coriolis effect is too weak
Z) The days are too long
ANSWER: Y) THE CORIOLIS EFFECT IS TOO WEAK
3) EARTH AND SPACE Short Answer What kind of rock is found in the dark craters of the
Moon?
ANSWER: BASALT
4) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice What is the primary source of all weather on Earth?
W) Clouds
X) The Sun
Y) Geographic features
Z) Human actions
ANSWER: X) THE SUN
4) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice The Earth has many types of mountains. Which of the
following is the best example of a folded mountain?
W) Mountains formed when a part of the Earth’s crust is broken into large blocks, which are
shifted by crust movement
X) Mountains formed when tectonic movements squeeze rock layers together like an accordion
Y) Mountains formed when molten rock rises through the crust and pushes up the rock layers
above it
Z) Mountains formed when molten rock erupted onto the Earth’s surface
ANSWER: X) MOUNTAINS FORMED WHEN TECTONIC MOVEMENTS SQUEEZE ROCK
LAYERS TOGETHER LIKE AN ACCORDION
5) ENERGY Multiple Choice E-85, also known as “flex-fuel,” gets its name from which of the
following?
W) It is 85% more efficient than gasoline
X) It is a mixture of 85% gasoline and 15% ethanol
Y) It is a mixture of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline
Z) It has an equivalent octane rating of 85
ANSWER: Y) IT IS A MIXTURE OF 85% ETHANOL AND 15% GASOLINE
5) ENERGY Short Answer The most common type of fuel cell reacts what two gases to produce
electricity?
ANSWER: HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN
6) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice The crop plants kohlrabi, kale, cabbage, Brussels sprouts,
broccoli, and cauliflower are all human cultivars of the wild mustard plant. Which of the following
best describes the process by which these modern plants came into existence?
W) Adaptation to new environments
X) Genetic drift
Y) Founder effect
Z) Artificial selection
ANSWER: Z) ARTIFICIAL SELECTION
6) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following is NOT an example of an angiosperm
[AN-jee-uh-spurm]?
W) Daffodils
X) Mistletoe
Y) American elm
Z) Douglas fir
ANSWER: Z) DOUGLAS FIR
7) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following is a transition metal?
W) Calcium
X) Potassium
Y) Iron
Z) Hydrogen
ANSWER: Y) IRON
7) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Short Answer Inductance is measured in terms of what SI unit?
ANSWER: HENRY
8) MATH Short Answer Solve the following equation for x over the real numbers: x -2 = 81.
ANSWER: 𝑥 = ±1/9
8) MATH Short Answer Find the following sum of fractions: 3/5 + 5/3 + 2/6
ANSWER: 13/5 (ACCEPT: 2 3/5, 2.6)
9) EARTH AND SPACE Multiple Choice The weather phenomenon that consists of weakened
tradewinds that allow surface water from the western Pacific to move eastward, causing a
sinking thermocline, is known as El Niño. This process leads to which of the following along
coastal South America?
W) Colder sea surface temperatures and more precipitation
X) Colder sea surface temperatures and less precipitation
Y) Warmer sea surface temperatures and more precipitation
Z) Warmer sea surface temperatures and less precipitation
ANSWER: Y) WARMER SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES AND MORE PRECIPITATION
9) EARTH AND SPACE Multiple Choice Which of the following sites is famous for its diversity of
Pleistocene [PLY-stuh-seen] fossils?
W) Florissant Formation
X) Green River Formation
Y) La Brea Tar Pits
Z) Columbia River flood basalts
ANSWER: Y) LA BREA TAR PITS
10) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice In archery, which of the following represents good
accuracy but bad precision?
W) The arrows all hit the bulls-eye
X) The arrows are all near the bulls-eye, but are far from each other
Y) The arrows all hit far from the bulls-eye, but are close to each other
Z) The arrows all hit far from the bulls-eye and are far from each other
ANSWER: X) THE ARROWS ARE ALL NEAR THE BULLS-EYE, BUT ARE FAR FROM EACH
OTHER
10) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following best explains why oil and water
will quickly separate when mixed?
W) Oil is polar, while water is nonpolar
X) Oil is nonpolar, while water is polar
Y) Water is less dense than oil
Z) Water is more dense than oil
ANSWER: X) OIL IS NONPOLAR, WHILE WATER IS POLAR
11) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice The cancer that is frequently associated with asbestos
exposure is which of the following?
W) Melanoma
X) Myeloma [my-uh-LOH-muh]
Y) Mesothelioma
Z) Multiple sclerosis
ANSWER: Y) MESOTHELIOMA
11) LIFE SCIENCE Short Answer In pea plants, tall is dominant over short. Suppose you cross
a tall pea plant with a short pea plant. The first generations of offspring or the F1 generation are
all tall. You then cross two of these F1 generation pea plants to create a new generation of
offspring, the F2 generation. What fraction of the F2 generation pea plants will be tall?
ANSWER: 3/4
12) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice On Earth, Billy weighs 980 newtons. On Planet X, the
acceleration due to gravity near the surface is half that of Earth. How much does Billy weigh in
newtons on Planet X?
W) 98
X) 490
Y) 980
Z) 1960
ANSWER: X) 490
12) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Short Answer What is the term for a change in momentum over a
discrete period of time?
ANSWER: IMPULSE
13) GENERAL SCIENCE Short Answer Which of the four commonly observable states of matter
is most common in the universe?
ANSWER: PLASMA
13) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice The Hawaiian islands were formed by volcanism due
to what?
W) Convergent plates
X) Divergent plates
Y) Transform plates
Z) A hot spot
ANSWER: Z) A HOT SPOT
14) MATH Short Answer If a line segment on a number line has endpoints of -24 and 8, what is
its midpoint?
ANSWER: -8
14) MATH Short Answer A wire in the shape of a rectangle with length of 20 inches and width of
10 inches is reshaped into an equilateral triangle. How long is each side of the triangle, in
inches?
ANSWER: 20
15) EARTH AND SPACE Short Answer Name the extinction event during which the non-avian
dinosaurs died out.
ANSWER: CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY (ACCEPT: CRETACEOUS-PALEOGENE, K-T, K-PG;
BOUNDARY and EXTINCTION are optional)
15) EARTH AND SPACE Multiple Choice Which of the following does NOT affect the porosity of
a material?
W) Grain sorting
X) Connection between pores
Y) Cementation of grains
Z) Grain shape
ANSWER: X) CONNECTION BETWEEN PORES
16) ENERGY Short Answer What state leads the U.S. in crude oil production and accounts for
about one quarter of total U.S. production?
ANSWER: TEXAS
16) ENERGY Short Answer The hydrogen gas in synthetic gas can be utilized as an alternative
fuel for what energy system?
ANSWER: FUEL CELLS (DO NOT ACCEPT: ELECTROLYSIS)
17) GENERAL SCIENCE Short Answer In the third century, a Greek mathematician discovered
that the buoyant force on an object in a fluid equals the weight of the fluid displaced. What is
this concept called?
ANSWER: ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE
17) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice If Huntington’s disease is determined by a dominant
allele and is always fatal, then which of the following explains its continued inheritance?
W) Huntington’s disease only shows up in a fraction of the individuals who carry the allele
X) There is heterozygote advantage for the alleles that cause the disease in tropical regions
Y) Huntington’s disease shows up later in life, typically after the individual has reproduced
Z) Huntington’s disease has a cure that allows individuals who have it to not show any
symptoms and reproduce
ANSWER: Y) HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE SHOWS UP LATER IN LIFE, TYPICALLY AFTER
THE INDIVIDUAL HAS REPRODUCED
18) LIFE SCIENCE Short Answer Which level of protein structure would include the formation of
an alpha helix?
ANSWER: SECONDARY
18) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following is an example of anaerobic
respiration?
W) Yeast performing fermentation to release ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide
X) A rose using carbon dioxide to produce glucose in the Calvin cycle
Y) A mouse cell using one molecule of glucose to produce 36 ATPs
Z) A plant performing photosynthesis to produce energy for storage
ANSWER: W) YEAST PERFORMING FERMENTATION TO RELEASE ETHYL ALCOHOL AND
CARBON DIOXIDE
19) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice An object is placed 10 centimeters from a double
convex lens with a focal length of 20 centimeters. Which of the following types of image will be
produced?
W) Real and inverted
X) Real and upright
Y) Virtual and inverted
Z) Virtual and upright
ANSWER: Z) VIRTUAL AND UPRIGHT
19) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice What law describes the relationship between voltage,
current, and impedance in an electric circuit?
W) Ohm’s
X) Coulomb’s
Y) Lenz’s
Z) Faraday’s
ANSWER: W) OHM’S
20) MATH Multiple Choice If a and b are two rational numbers such that a < b, then which of the
following is true about (a+b)/2?
W) It is less than both a and b
X) It is between a and b
Y) It is greater than both a and b
Z) Its size relative to a and b can’t be determined from the given information
ANSWER: X) IT IS BETWEEN A AND B
20) MATH Short Answer If the sale price of an item is $60 after a 25% discount, what was the
original price, in dollars?
ANSWER: $80
21) LIFE SCIENCE Short Answer Synechococcus [sy-nuh-koh-KOH-kuhs] is a member of the
so-called blue green algae, which are not eukaryotic [yoo-KAR-ee-oh-tik] algae at all. What is
the phylum [FY-luhm] name for this group of bacteria?
ANSWER: CYANOBACTERIA
21) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice Yenla is studying how a moth population changes over time.
Her first sample indicates that 7500 are spotted and 2500 are striped. Ten years later, she
samples the same area and finds that 3000 of the moths are spotted and 7000 are striped.
What evolutionary process is occurring?
W) Directional selection
X) Disruptive selection
Y) Sexual selection
Z) Stabilizing selection
ANSWER: W) DIRECTIONAL SELECTION
22) EARTH AND SPACE Short Answer Black carbon particles are common in Earth’s
atmosphere. These particles are the result of incomplete combustion, a chemical reaction
involving organic matter and what else?
ANSWER: OXYGEN
22) EARTH AND SPACE Multiple Choice Which of the following is NOT one of the eight most
common elements in the Earth’s crust?
W) Oxygen
X) Sodium
Y) Carbon
Z) Calcium
ANSWER: Y) CARBON
23) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following is the best example of a
suspension mixture?
W) A bowl of mixed fruit
X) An oil and vinegar salad dressing
Y) Latex paint
Z) An ethanol and water mixture
ANSWER: X) AN OIL AND VINEGAR SALAD DRESSING
23) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice A volcano erupts, and the lava dries extremely rapidly
so that there is essentially no crystal growth. Which of the following rocks may be formed?
W) Obsidian
X) Basalt
Y) Granite
Z) Rhyolite [RY-uh-lyt]
ANSWER: W) OBSIDIAN
24) ENERGY Multiple Choice What is the primary element in today’s commercially available
solar cells?
W) Silicon
X) Gold
Y) Selenium
Z) Germanium
ANSWER: W) SILICON
24) ENERGY Multiple Choice The efficiency of a solar water heater collector depends directly
on solar irradiance and which of the following?
W) Collector temperature and ambient temperature
X) Collector temperature and efficiency of the heat exchanger
Y) Efficiency of the heat exchanger and temperature of the water
Z) Tilt angle of the collector and collector temperature
ANSWER: W) COLLECTOR TEMPERATURE AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
25) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice In which of the following types of interspecific interaction is
there no negative effect on either species involved?
W) Competition
X) Commensalism
Y) Herbivory
Z) Predation
ANSWER: X) COMMENSALISM
25) LIFE SCIENCE Short Answer A cross between a male donkey (2n = 62) and female horse
(2n = 64) results in a mule that is generally infertile. What is the diploid chromosome number for
a mule?
ANSWER: 63
