Round 3 Flashcards
What is the Schizophrenia prevalence in the general population?
0.5%-1%
What is the Schizophrenia prevalence for a sibling?
10%
What is the Schizophrenia prevalence for a monozygotic twin?
50%
What drug is purple gray metallic rash over sun exposed areas and jaundice?
Chlorpromazine
What drug is prolonged QTc and pigmented retinopathy?
Thioridazine
If a patient has drug induced Parkinsonism, what do you not give?
L-Dopa
What is the incidence of bipolar in the general population?
1%
What is the incidence of bipolar in a brother who’s brother has bipolar?
80-90%
What stroke would cause bipolar in an older adult?
Right Frontal Hemisphere stroke
Possible EKG signs of Lithium?
T-wave flattening and U-waves
What is the atypical agent with highest risk of EPS and increased prolactin?
Risperidone
What atypical is weight neutral but prolongs QTc, anti-psychotic?
Ziprazodone
What atypical is weight neutral but increases akathisia?
Aripiprazole
Which atypical agent is associated with weight gain?
Olanzapine
Which anti-psychotic can cause orthostasis and cataracts?
Quietiapine (alpha blocking properties)
What are the two lab values to worry about for clozapine?
WBC less than 3000 and ANC less than 1500
What sex based thing can SSRIs be used for?
Premature Ejaculation
What three drugs can really cause depression?
IFN-gamma, methyl-dopa, and Beta Blockers
Left Middle Cerebral Artery, what can that cause?
Depression
What SSRI has the most drug-drug interactions?
Paroxetine
What SSRI do you not have to taper, due to a short half life?
Fluoxetine
What SSRI has the fewest drug-drug interactions?
Citalopram
What is the rationale for depression and sleep issues?
Depression decreases REM latency, the faster I get into REM the more REM I have, and the less rested, I am
Your body rests best not in REM, slow wave sleep
SSRI discontinuation syndrome, what is the most common drug that can cause it? Name 2
Sertraline and Fluvoxamine
What can you not give bupropion too?
Alcoholics, Bulimia, and Epileptics
Venlafaxine is bad for what type of patients? Particularly with St. John’s wort
Hypertension patients
Hypertensive crisis with MAOi, what do I use?
Phentolamine 5 mg
What is leaden paralysis in the morning, sleeping more and gaining weight?
How is it best treated?
Atypical Depression, can affect social functioning
Treated best with MAOi
Children, age 1-3, what are they big for?
Object Permanence, objects are there even when they cannot be seen
Children, age 3-5, what are they big for?
Pre-operational egocentric, child can only understand his perspective, not another perspective
Children, age 6-11, what are they big for?
Concrete Operational, death is permanent
Children, age 11 and above, what are they big for?
Children can learn to think abstractively
Macrocephaly, long face, and macroorchism, young child, mentally handicapped, what is this?
Fragile X
Café-au-laitspots, seizures large head. Autosomal dominant
Neurofibromatosis
Coarse facies, short stature, cloudy cornea. Autosomal recessive.
Hurler Syndrome
Broad, square face, short stature, self-injurious behavior. Deletion on Chr17
Smith Magenis
Hypotonia, hypogonadism, hyperphagia, skin picking, agression. Deletion on paternal Chr15.
Prader-Willi
Seizures, strabismus, sociable w/ episodic laughter. Deletion on maternal Chr15.
Angelman
Elfin-appearance, friendly, increased empathy and verbal reasoning ability. Deletion on Chr7.
Williams
ADHD-like sxs, microcephaly, smooth philtrum. Most common cause of mental retardation.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Seizures, chorioretinitis, hearing impairments, periventricular calcifications, petechiae@ birth, hepatitis.
Congenital CMV infection.
Seizures, hearing impairments, cloudy cornea/retinitis, heart defects, low birth weight.
Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Abnormal muscle tone, unsteady gait, seizures, mental retardation or learning disability.
Cerebral Palsy from birth asphyxia.
IUGR, hypertonia, distinctive facies, limb malformation, self-injurious behavior, hyperactive.
Cornelia de Lange
Coloboma, heart defects, choanal atresia, growth retardation, GU anomalies, ear deformity and deafness. Chr8.
Charge Syndrome
Autism spectrum sxs, heart disease, palate defects, hypopastic thymus, hypoCa. Chr22 deletion.
DiGeorge Syndrome
Vomiting, seizures, lethargy, coma. Acidosis w/ stress, illness. Causes neurological damage.
Maple Syrup Urine Disease
Exclusively in girls, normal development for 6-8mo, then regression, handwringing, loss of speech and use of hands. X-linked dominant deletion of MECP2.
Rett Syndrome
Normal development until age 2 then major loss of verbal, social skills w/ autistic like behavior.
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
Lack of mother-child eye contact, language delay/repetitive language, pre-occupation w/ “parts of toys” before age 3.
Autism
Problems with social skills (usually recognized in preschool) w/ reserved verbal ability.
Asperger
Methylphenidate, what is the MOA?
What disease is it used in?
Blocks DA reuptake
ADHD
Amphetamine, what is the MOA?
What disease is it used in?
Blocks DA/NE reuptake
ADHD
Atomoxetine, what is the MOA?
What disease is it used in?
NE reuptake inhibitor
Non stimulant****
ADHD
Clonidine, Guanfacine, what is the MOA?
What disease is it used in?
Alpha 2 agonists, reduce peripheral SNS
ADHD
Tic disorder, what is the first line drug?
What is most effective?
Clonidine
Haloperidol/Pimozide Dopamine Receptor Antagonists
7 year old complains of frequent abdominal pain resulting in many missed school days. He never gets the pain on the weekends or in the summer. What disorder is this?
Separation Anxiety Disorder
6 year old adopted child is brought in because she has not formed a relationship with her adoptive parents. She is inhibited and hyper vigilant. What disorder is this?
Reactive Attachment Disorder
An 18mo old baby has recently been regurgitating and re-chewing her food. She had previously been eating normally. What disorder is this?
Rumination Disorder
Patient has dementia, motor dysfunction, and dysarthria, what disease is this?
What is the anatomical problem?
Marchiafava-Bignami Disease
Corpus Callosum problem, and surrounding white matter problems
Chronic Alcohol use induced
What is a disorder of anterograde amnesia, disorientation that lasts less than a day, is reversible, and is not associated with a comorbidity?
Transient Global Amnesia
Dissociative Amnesia usually involves what?
Trauma to the person, has to go past more than the event itself
How long do we need illness anxiety disorder to make this a thing?
6 months
What is low in CSF that is increased with aggression and impulsiveness?
Serotonin
If I was going to win a long time Benzo, what would I most likely have?
Insomnia
What is the DOC for narcolepsy?
Sodium Oxybate
What is used for RLS?
Dopamine agonists and Benzodiazepines
How long should I wait after an MAOi to use an SSRI?
2 weeks
Which SSRI is most likely to cause weight gain?
Paroxetine
What pathway is positive symptoms?
Mesolimbic
What pathway is negative symptoms?
Mesocortical
What is lamotrigine used for?
Bipolar Depression
What is the not so good side effect of Amitriptyline?
Visual hallucinations
When I have fast EEG activity, what do I have?
Delirium Tremens
When I have delirium from too many girl scout cookies, what does my EEG look like?
Diffuse Background on EEG
What patients are very sensitive to EPS symptoms and should not be given anti-psychotics?
Lewy Body Dementia
What is the strong emotional reaction patients may experience when retrieving traumatic memories?
Abreaction
